Free-standing hollow carbon nanofibers scaffold with spherical nanocavities and lithiophilic N/ZnO heteroatoms as stable dendrite-free lithium metal anode
Free-standing hollow carbon nanofibers scaffold with spherical nanocavities and lithiophilic N/ZnO heteroatoms as stable dendrite-free lithium metal anode
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DOI：
10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.150589
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发表时间：
2021-11
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Xinrui Song;Hongbing Wang;Hongliang Wu;J. Zou;Fenglin Zhao;Hongjing Wu;Xierong Zeng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xinrui Song;Hongbing Wang;Hongliang Wu;J. Zou;Fenglin Zhao;Hongjing Wu;Xierong Zeng
金属锂作为高比容量锂离子电池的替代负极材料受到人们的重视。然而，在其商业化之前，需要解决两个主要问题，即服务Li枝晶的生长和大的体积变化。本文设计了一种具有高电子传输速率和低区域电流密度极化的三维多孔中空碳纳米纤维（MC@HCNFs），该纤维由MOF衍生的N/ZnO共掺杂碳骨架和嵌入的碳纳米管组成。MOFs纳米颗粒高温分解形成的MC@HCNFs内的球形空腔可以为Li金属成核和沉积提供丰富的活性空间，以缓解无限体积膨胀，更重要的是调节Li离子的均匀流动和Li金属的优先沉积，以抑制由于表面上亲锂N/ZnO杂原子的存在而导致的Li枝晶生长。作为Li金属载体，MC@HCNFs在1.0 mA cm− 2下分别显示出2000 h的超长寿命和较低的过电位，并且在LiFePO 4基全电池中使用时也表现出优异的循环和倍率性能。
Metallic Li as substitutional anode materials for high specific capacity lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has been attached great importance. However, two major problems including serve Li dendrites growth and large volume change need to be settled before it can be commercialized. Herein, a 3D porous hollow carbon nanofibers (MC@HCNFs) with high electron transport rate and low regional current density polarization are designed, which are comprised of MOF-derived N/ZnO co-doped carbon frameworks and embedded carbon nanotubes. The spherical cavities within MC@HCNFs formed by the high-temperature decomposition of MOFs nanoparticles can provide abundant active space for Li metal nucleation and deposition to alleviate the infinite volume expansion, and more importantly regulate homogenous Li ions flow and preferential Li metal deposition to suppress the Li dendrites growth due to the presence of lithiophilic N/ZnO heteroatoms on the surface. As a Li metal carrier, MC@HCNFs displays stable Li platting/stripping for ultralong life spans of 2000 h with lower overpotentials at 1.0 mA cm−2respectively, which also demonstrate excellent cycle and rate performances when used in LiFePO4-based full cells.