Conflicts of interest and the evolution of decision sharing
Conflicts of interest and the evolution of decision sharing
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2008.0257
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发表时间：
2009-03-27
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Roper, Timothy J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conradt, Larissa;Roper, Timothy J.
社会动物经常面临共识决定，他们选择，集体，相互排斥的行动。这类决定往往涉及集团成员之间在优先行动方面的利益冲突。原则上，冲突可以通过成员之间共享决策（“共享决策”）或由一个“主导”成员代表整个群体做出决策（“非共享决策”）来解决。共同和非共同的决定都得到了遵守。然而，目前还不清楚是什么有利于这两种决策类型的演变。在这里，经过一个简短的文献回顾，我们提出了一个novelmethod，涉及自组织系统和博弈论建模相结合，调查共享和非共享决策的演变。我们将该方法应用于运动方向的决策。我们发现，无论是共享的还是非共享的，决策都可以在没有个人对群体行为的全局了解或对其他成员的偏好或意图的任何了解的情况下演变。当冲突相对于分组利益而言很高时，选择倾向于非共享决策，反之亦然。这些结果不同于与活动时间相关的群体决策模型。我们将此归因于关于模式的集体决定之间的根本差异，这些模式在成本/效益方面是分离的（这里是空间）或连续的（这里是时间）。
Social animals regularly face consensus decisions whereby they choose, collectively, between mutually exclusive actions. Such decisions often involve conflicts of interest between group members with respect to preferred action. Conflicts could, in principle, be resolved, either by sharing decisions between members ('shared decisions') or by one 'dominant' member making decisions on behalf of the whole group ('unshared decisions'). Both, shared and unshared decisions, have been observed. However, it is unclear as to what favours the evolution of either decision type. Here, after a brief literature review, we present a novelmethod, involving a combination of self-organizing system and game theory modelling, of investigating the evolution of shared and unshared decisions. We apply the method to decisions on movement direction. We find that both, shared and unshared, decisions can evolve without individuals having a global overview of the group's behaviour or any knowledge about other members' preferences or intentions. Selection favours unshared over shared decisions when conflicts are high relative to grouping benefits, and vice versa. These results differ from those of group decision models relating to activity timings. We attribute this to fundamental differences between collective decisions about modalities that are disjunct (here, space) or continuous (here, time) with respect to costs/benefits.