Development of gut colonisation in pre-term neonates.
Development of gut colonisation in pre-term neonates.
复制标题
早产儿肠道定植的发展。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1982
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
G. Gillam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Blakey;L. Lubitz;G. Barnes;R. Bishop;N. T. Campbell;G. Gillam
28名低出生体重早产儿在出生后的前3周内监测咽喉、胃和粪便中的微生物群落。胃肠道各级的植物群与健康母乳喂养和人工喂养的足月婴儿不同。在87%和60%的婴儿中，咽喉和胃的定植分别延迟超过4天。在整个研究期间，只有10%的婴儿有“正常”的口腔植物群。胃植物群稀疏，类似粪便植物群。粪便植物群比咽喉或胃植物群建立得更快，70%的婴儿在出生后的前4天内被定植。最初是拟杆菌属。占57%，但大肠埃希菌和其他需氧革兰阴性杆菌的频率逐渐增加。革兰氏阳性菌的定植是缓慢的。梭菌属只有10%的婴儿在出生后的前4天内出现。大多数菌株为一过性。定殖C. butyricum（30%）、C.产气荚膜梭菌（35%）和C.艰难梭菌（25%）在出生后的前2周最多。产乳酸菌通常在出生后第三周出现。出生后立即胃肠外喂养与有限数量的物种延迟定植有关。肠外抗生素（青霉素或庆大霉素或两者）限制了正常口腔植物群、产乳酸菌和青霉素敏感梭菌的定植，但对E.即使定殖菌株对方案中的氨基糖苷类敏感，在任何婴儿中都没有检测到细菌通过血流的全身传播。在所研究的特殊护理托儿所中，早产儿肠道定植的模式与健康足月婴儿不同;在解释这一弱势婴儿群体的细菌学检测结果时，这一点值得考虑。
Twenty-eight pre-term babies of low birth weight were monitored for developing microflora in throat, stomach and faeces during the first 3 weeks of life. The flora at all levels of the gastrointestinal tract differed from that of healthy breast-fed and artificially fed full-term babies. Colonisation of throat and stomach was delayed beyond 4 days of life in 87% and 60% of babies respectively. Only 10% of babies had "normal" oral flora throughout the period of study. Flora of the stomach was sparse, and resembled faecal flora. Faecal flora was established more rapidly than throat or stomach flora, and 70% of babies were colonised during the first 4 days of life. Initially Bacteroides spp. were predominant (57% babies), but Escherichia coli and other aerobic gram-negative bacilli gradually increased in frequency. Colonisation by gram-positive bacteria was slow. Clostridium spp. were present in only 10% of babies during the first 4 days of life. Most strains were transient. Colonisation with C. butyricum (30%), C. perfringens (35%) and C. difficile (25%) was maximum after the first 2 weeks of life. Lactic-acid-producing bacteria usually appeared late in the third week of life. Parenteral feeding immediately after birth was associated with delayed colonisation by a restricted number of species. Parenteral antibiotics (penicillin or gentamicin or both) restricted colonisation with normal oral flora, the lactic-acid-producing bacteria and penicillin-sensitive clostridia, but had little effect on E. coli even when the colonising strain was sensitive to the aminoglycoside in the regimen. Systemic spread of bacteria via the blood stream was not detected in any babies. The pattern of colonisation of the enteric tract in pre-term infants in the special-care nursery studied, differs from that of healthy full-term babies; this merits consideration when the results of bacteriological tests of this vulnerable group of infants are being interpreted.