Groundwater as a strategic resource for improved resilience: a case study from peri-urban Accra
Groundwater as a strategic resource for improved resilience: a case study from peri-urban Accra
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DOI：
10.1007/s12665-017-7181-9
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Oduro-Kwarteng, Sampson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gronwall, Jenny;Oduro-Kwarteng, Sampson
水不安全是全球日益关注的问题，特别是在发展中国家，包括城市化在内的一系列因素对供水系统造成压力。人们日益认识到地下水和含水层在缓冲气候多变性影响方面的作用，但只有对地下水作为一种资源以及对地下水的使用和依赖有何不同有更强有力的了解，才能充分认识到这一点。阿克拉及其腹地是一个长期缺水的非洲城市，地下水资源为提高抵御经常性干旱和普遍水不安全的能力提供了机会。根据对一个城市周边乡镇的混合方法研究，发现对于最终用户，特别是城市贫困家庭，复原力是一个日常问题，即确保从不同来源获得用于不同目的的水，而对饮用水安全的关注则落在后面。企业家和决策者应该从家庭如何通过多样化发展应对机制中吸取教训，不再把重点放在大型基础设施和集中供水解决方案上。联合使用、有管理的含水层补给和适当的处理措施对于使地下水成为城市议程上的战略资源至关重要。
Water insecurity is a growing concern globally, especially for developing countries, where a range of factors including urbanization are putting pressure on water provisioning systems. The role of groundwater and aquifers in buffering the effects of climate variability is increasingly acknowledged, but it can only be fully realized with a more robust understanding of groundwater as a resource, and how use of it and dependency on it differ. Accra and its hinterland exemplify an African city with chronic water shortages, where groundwater resources offer opportunities to improve resilience against recurring droughts and general water insecurity. Based on a mixed-methods study of a peri-urban township, it was found that for end users, particularly poor urban households, resilience is an every-day matter of ensuring access from different sources, for different purposes, while attention to drinking water safety is falling behind. Planners and decision makers should take their cue from how households have developed coping mechanisms by diversifying, and move away from the focus on large infrastructure and centralized water supply solutions. Conjunctive use, managed aquifer recharge, and suitable treatment measures are vital to make groundwater a strategic resource on the urban agenda.