Knowledge and Behaviors Toward COVID-19 Among US Residents During the Early Days of the Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Online Questionnaire.
Knowledge and Behaviors Toward COVID-19 Among US Residents During the Early Days of the Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Online Questionnaire.
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DOI：
10.2196/19161
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发表时间：
2020-05-08
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Clements, John M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clements, John M
背景技术背景：冠状病毒病的早期2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在美国的大流行带来了对COVID-19的认识和应对措施的不确定性。如果我们要有效应对这一流行病，就有必要了解公众的知识和行为。目的：这项研究的目的是检验关于COVID-19的知识影响不同行为的参与的假设，包括自我，购买比平时更多的商品，参加大型聚会和使用医用口罩的报告。方法：本研究于2020年3月17日获得机构审查委员会的资助和批准。这项针对1034名18岁或以上美国居民的横断面在线调查于2020年3月17日进行。知识每增加一分，参与购买商品的几率就多一分（比值比[OR] 0.88，95% CI 0.81-0.95），参加大型聚会（OR 0.87，95%CI 0.81-0.93），使用医用口罩（OR 0.56，95%CI 0.50-0.62）分别降低了12%、13%和44%。与婴儿潮一代相比，X一代和千禧一代的参与者购买行为增加的几率分别高出56%和76%。结果表明，应对建议存在政治化。民主党参加大型集会的几率低30%（OR 0.70，95% CI 0.50-0.97），使用医用口罩的几率降低48%（OR 0.52，95%CI 0.34-0.78）与共和党人相比。这项调查是研究美国应对COVID-19大流行的知识和行为决定因素的首次尝试之一。一个全国性的、协调一致的应对大流行的努力可能会确保更好地遵守行为建议，以应对这一公共卫生紧急情况。
BACKGROUND: The early days of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in the United States brought uncertainty in the knowledge about COVID-19 and what to do about it. It is necessary to understand public knowledge and behaviors if we are to effectively address the pandemic.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that knowledge about COVID-19 influences participation in different behaviors including self-reports of purchasing more goods than usual, attending large gatherings, and using medical masks.METHODS: This study was funded and approved by the Institutional Review Board on March 17, 2020. The cross-sectional online survey of 1034 US residents aged 18 years or older was conducted on March 17, 2020.RESULTS: For every point increase in knowledge, the odds of participation in purchasing more goods (odds ratio [OR] 0.88, 95% CI 0.81-0.95), attending large gatherings (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.81-0.93), and using medical masks (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.50-0.62) decreased by 12%, 13%, and 44%, respectively. Gen X and millennial participants had 56% and 76% higher odds, respectively, of increased purchasing behavior compared to baby boomers. The results suggest that there is a politicization of response recommendations. Democrats had 30% lower odds of attending large gatherings (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.50-0.97) and 48% lower odds of using medical masks (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.34-0.78) compared to Republicans.CONCLUSIONS: This survey is one of the first attempts to study determinants of knowledge and behaviors in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. A national, coordinated effort toward a pandemic response may ensure better compliance with behavioral recommendations to address this public health emergency.