The spatial dynamics of violence and alcohol outlets
The spatial dynamics of violence and alcohol outlets
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DOI：
10.15288/jsa.2002.63.187
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Gruenewald, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lipton, R;Gruenewald, P
目的：本研究探讨了暴力和人口密度之间的关联是否受到酒类销售点的存在的调节，无论是在目标地理区域内还是在邻近的地理区域。还审查了社会人口变量对暴力的影响。控制空间混淆。方法：邮政编码地区（N = 766）在加州从四个不同的地区（三个城市和一个农村）的暴力率进行了检查，考虑到人口特征的人生活在这些地区和潜在的相互作用影响的酒精出口暴力率。使用人口普查数据评估人口特征，从加州酒精饮料控制部获得出口密度：从出院数据中提取暴力率。一个空间人口模型的暴力生产被用来研究目标和周围地区的人口特征的暴力率的关系。结果如下：发现酒吧A的密度与更大的攻击率密切相关，而餐馆的密度与更少的暴力相关。两者似乎在人口稠密地区、当地和附近的人口特征中影响最大。也被发现与更高的暴力率，结论：虽然限于横截面数据，目前的研究表明，酒精出口，在社会经济措施的存在，缓和暴力在城市地区的发生。
Objective: This study examines whether the association between violence and population density is moderated by the presence of alcohol outlets, both A within a target geographical area and in adjacent geographical areas. The effect of sociodemographic variables on violence is also examined. controlling for spatial confounding. Method: Zip code areas (N = 766) in California from four distinct areas (three urban and one rural) were examined for rates of violence, taking into consideration population characteristics of persons living in those areas and the potential interaction effects of alcohol outlets on violence rates. Population characteristics were assessed using Census data outlet densities were obtained from the California Department of Alcohol Beverage Control: and violence rates were abstracted from hospital discharge data. A spatial population model of the production of violence was used to examine the relationships of population characteristics of target and surrounding areas to violence rates. Results: The density of bars A as found to be strongly associated with greater rates of assault,,while density of restaurants as associated with less violence. Both appeared to have greatest effect in densely Populated areas, Local and nearby population characteristic., ere also found to be related to greater rates of violence, Conclusions: While limited to cross-sectional data, the current study suggests that alcohol outlets, in the presence of socioeconomic measures, moderate the occurrence of violence in urban areas.