The Role of Event Expression in Grammar
The Role of Event Expression in Grammar
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事件表达在语法中的作用
DOI：
10.1075/sl.10.1.03bay
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发表时间：
1986
影响因子：
0.5
通讯作者：
Josef Bayer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Josef Bayer
本文的主要论点是“事件”是一个重要的认知范畴，在自然语言的语义中起着核心作用。一旦认识到事件表达的作用和作为语义类别的事件的存在，就会显示出表面上不相关的数据。值得注意的是，在目前的生成语法研究中，对于某些句法/语义结构的性质存在着相当大的分歧。一个主要的争议是主张主语和谓词在所有语法层面上都应该被表示为从句的团体(可能除了PF之外)和声称各种语义上的小句结构根本不应该被表示为从句的团体之间的争论。即使对现有提案的很大一部分进行调查，也远远超出了本文的范围。1我的目标是讨论毫无疑问的从句结构(限定)和赤裸裸的不定式结构(指控和不定式)之间的一些惊人的相似之处，我希望这能为现有的一些理论解释提供一些新的启发。然而，除了第7节之外，我在语法争议中的参与将是相当间接的。这样做的原因是，我经常不得不更多地谈论关键数据的语义，而不是它们的形式语法特征。我们
The main thesis of this article is that "event" is an important cognitive category which plays a central role in the semantics of natural languages. It will be shown that apparently unrelated data fall into place as soon as the role of event expressions and the existence of events as a semantic category are recognized. Attention should be drawn to the fact that in current work in Generative Grammar there is considerable disagreement as to the nature of certain syntactic/semantic constructions. A major controversy is between groups claiming that subjects and predicates should be represented as clauses on all levels of grammar (except perhaps PF) and groups claiming that various semantically clause-like structures should not be represented as clauses at all. It is far beyond the scope of this article to investigate even a substantial part of the existing proposals. 1 My goal is rather to discuss some striking similarities between undoubtedly clausal constructions (finite) and bare infinitive constructions ("accusativus cum infinitivo") which, I hope, shed some new light on some of the existing theoretical accounts. My involvement in the syntax controversy will, however with the exception of section 7 be rather indirect. The reason for that is that I will often have to say more about the semantics of the critical data than about their formal syntactic characteristics. We