Building Water and Wastewater System Resilience to Disaster Migration: Utility Perspectives
Building Water and Wastewater System Resilience to Disaster Migration: Utility Perspectives
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DOI：
10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0001352
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Kaminsky, Jessica A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Faust, Kasey M.;Kaminsky, Jessica A.
本文利用水和废水公用事业领导者的专业知识，预测水和废水基础设施对因灾害而流离失所的社区的影响。这些专家代表了来自美国25家公用事业公司的知识。虽然灾害移民对基础设施的影响既有积极的，也有消极的，但作出答复的专家指出，影响在很大程度上取决于假设的移民人口造成的需求增加的时空特征。考虑到这一点，调查结果表明，需要在安置灾害移民，以尽量减少对东道社区和灾害移民的服务的影响，包括公用事业。对于建筑业来说，东道国社区所需的反应速度和规模是组织和劳动力方面的特殊挑战。更广泛地说，考虑到人口突然增加的技术影响，这项研究的结果表明，需要制定政策，为收容流离失所人口的社区提供基础设施资金，并加快法规的执行，保护公共安全，同时满足紧急情况的要求。(C)2017年美国土木工程师协会。
This paper leverages expert knowledge from leaders in water and wastewater utilities to anticipate water and wastewater infrastructure impacts in communities that host populations displaced by disasters. These experts represent knowledge from 25 utilities across the United States. While the identified infrastructure impacts of disaster migration were both positive and negative, the responding experts indicate that impacts depend greatly on the spatiotemporal characteristics of the increased demands caused by hypothetical migrant populations. With this in mind, findings demonstrate a need to include utilities in the placement of disaster migrants to minimize the impact of service on both the hosting community and disaster migrants. For the construction industry, both the speed and scale of response needed in the host communities are particular organizational and workforce challenges. More broadly, given the technical impacts of suddenly increased populations, the results of this research suggest a need for policy that can provide infrastructure funding for communities hosting displaced populations, and to enable expedited code enforcement that protects public safety while meeting the requirements of an emergency situation. (C) 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.