Cognitive decline and the neighborhood environment.
Cognitive decline and the neighborhood environment.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.annepidem.2015.07.001
复制
发表时间：
2015-11
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Mendes de Leon CF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clarke PJ;Weuve J;Barnes L;Evans DA;Mendes de Leon CF
很少有研究超越个人因素考虑邻里环境对认知功能的影响。更大密度的物理资源（例如，娱乐中心和公园）和机构资源（例如，社区中心）可以通过提供身体活动和社交互动的机会来缓冲认知能力下降。使用来自芝加哥健康与老龄化项目（1993-2011）的数据，一项对6518名65岁以上成年人的前瞻性队列研究，我们拟合了一个3水平生长曲线模型，以检查个体和邻里因素（在街区组水平上客观观察）对晚年认知功能轨迹（东波士顿记忆测试，符号数字测试，MMSE的复合）的作用。除去个人因素，居住在社区资源丰富的社区，靠近公共交通，公共空间状况良好，与认知下降速度较慢有关，可能是通过增加社交和体育活动的机会，或者方便参与活动的目的地。这些结果强调了邻里环境在缓冲老年人认知能力下降方面的作用。
Little research has looked beyond individual factors to consider the influence of the neighborhood environment on cognitive function. A greater density of physical resources (e.g., recreational centers and parks) and institutional resources (e.g., community centers) may buffer cognitive decline by offering opportunities for physical activity and social interaction. Using data from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (1993–2011), a prospective cohort study of 6518 adults age 65+, we fit a 3-level growth curve model to examine the role of individual and neighborhood factors (objectively observed at the block group level) on trajectories of cognitive function (composite of East Boston Memory Test, symbol digit test, MMSE) in later life. Net of individual factors, residence in a neighborhood with community resources, proximity to public transit, and public spaces in good condition were associated with slower rates of cognitive decline, possibly by increasing opportunities for social and physical activities or access to destinations that facilitate engagement in activities. These results highlight the role of neighborhood environments in buffering cognitive decline among older adults aging in place.