MicroRNAs in skeletal and cardiac muscle development
MicroRNAs in skeletal and cardiac muscle development
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DOI：
10.1089/dna.2006.0556
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Wan, Da-Zhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Callis, Thomas E.;Chen, Jian-Fu;Wan, Da-Zhi
MicroRNAs(MiRNAs)是最近发现的一类非编码小RNA，其长度与22个核苷酸相似。MiRNAs通过翻译抑制和靶基因降解负向调节基因表达。已经清楚的是，miRNAs参与了许多生物学过程，包括发育、分化、增殖和凋亡。有趣的是，许多miRNAs以组织特异性的方式表达，一些miRNAs在心肌和骨骼肌中特异性表达。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍那些已被证明参与肌肉发育的miRNAs。令人信服的证据表明，肌肉miRNAs在肌肉增殖和分化过程中发挥着重要的调节作用。然而，miRNAs似乎不是早期肌肉发生和肌肉规范所必需的。重要的是，miRNAs的失调与肌肉相关疾病有关，如心肌肥厚。导致myostatin基因中功能增强的miRNA靶点的突变导致Texel绵羊靶标蛋白的下调。因此，miRNAs是一类新的肌肉生物学调节器，它们可能成为肌肉相关人类疾病的新治疗靶点。
MicroRNAs ( miRNAs) are a recently discovered class of small non-coding RNAs, which are similar to 22 nucleotides in length. miRNAs negatively regulate gene expression by translational repression and target mRNA degradation. It has become clear that miRNAs are involved in many biological processes, including development, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Interestingly, many miRNAs are expressed in a tissue-specific manner and several miRNAs are specifically expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscles. In this review, we focus on those miRNAs that have been shown to be involved in muscle development. Compelling evidences have demonstrated that muscle miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of muscle proliferation and differentiation processes. However, it appears that miRNAs are not essential for early myogenesis and muscle specification. Importantly, dysregulation of miRNAs has been linked to muscle-related diseases, such as cardiac hypertrophy. A mutation resulting in a gain-of-function miRNA target site in the myostatin gene leads to down regulation of the targeted protein in Texel sheep. miRNAs therefore are a new class of regulators of muscle biology and they might become novel therapeutic targets in muscle-related human diseases.