Organization of Cognitive Control Within the Lateral Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia
Organization of Cognitive Control Within the Lateral Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.10
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Farrer, Chloee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barbalat, Guillaume;Chambon, Valerian;Farrer, Chloee
背景：认知控制在精神分裂症中受到高度影响，但其整体功能结构仍知之甚少。最近的一项研究表明，在健康受试者中，认知控制在外侧前额叶皮层（LPFC）内的功能性组织是一个级联的表征，根据刺激、当前感知背景和刺激发生的时间情节，从运动前区到前LPFC区。目的：确定精神分裂症患者LPFC内认知控制的功能性层次组织。设计：病例对照研究。设置：以医院为基础的研究单位。参与者：15名精神分裂症患者和14名对照者。主要结果测量：在任务期间通过功能性磁共振成像测量的行为表现和局部脑活动，改变由情节和上下文信号传达的信息量。结果：在患者和健康对照组中，尾侧LPFC区域的活动随着情节和背景信号而变化，而LPFC的吻侧区只表现出了情节效应。然而，当情境信号和情景信号传递的信息增加时，患者比对照组犯更多的错误。这些损伤与LPFC尾侧区的低激活和LPFC喙侧区的高激活有关。在尾部LPFC区域的激活呈负相关与disorganization综合征评分的patient.Conclusions：在精神分裂症患者中，认知控制的架构如下级联组织从吻侧LPFC区域的尾部LPFC和运动前区取决于时间框架的行动和事件。然而，我们发现，直接的上下文信号不足以偏置尾侧LPFC活动所需的选择适当的行为表示。因此，这种特殊的缺陷可能会改变精神分裂症患者行为的内在一致性。为了弥补这种削弱的背景影响，精神分裂症患者可能无法有效地使用时间的情节信息，通过更高的激活吻侧LPFC区域。
Context: Cognitive control is highly affected in schizophrenia, but its overall functional architecture remains poorly understood. A recent study demonstrated that, in healthy subjects, cognitive control is functionally organized within the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) as a cascade of representations ranging from premotor to anterior LPFC regions according to stimuli, the present perceptual context, and the temporal episode in which stimuli occur.Objective: To determine the functional hierarchical organization of cognitive control within the LPFC in patients with schizophrenia.Design: Case-control study.Setting: Hospital-based research units.Participants: Fifteen schizophrenic patients and 14 controls.Main Outcome Measures: Behavioral performance and regional brain activity as measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging during a task, varying the amount of information conveyed by episodic and contextual signals.Results: In patients and healthy controls, activity in caudal LPFC regions varied as episodic and contextual signals, whereas rostral LPFC regions only exhibited an episodic effect. However, patients made more errors than controls when information conveyed by contextual and episodic signals increased. These impairments were related to hypoactivation in caudal LPFC regions and hyperactivation in rostral LPFC regions, respectively. Activation in caudal LPFC regions negatively correlated with the disorganization syndrome score of patients.Conclusions: In schizophrenic patients, the architecture of cognitive control follows the cascading organization from rostral LPFC regions to caudal LPFC and premotor regions depending on the temporal framing of action and events. We found, however, that immediate contextual signals insufficiently bias the caudal LPFC activity required to select the appropriate behavioral representation. This specific deficit could thus alter the internal consistency of schizophrenic patients' behavior. To compensate for this weakening of contextual influence, schizophrenic patients may inefficiently use temporal episodic information through higher activation in rostral LPFC regions.