The impact of stress on motor performance in skilled musicians suffering from focal dystonia: Physiological and psychological characteristics
The impact of stress on motor performance in skilled musicians suffering from focal dystonia: Physiological and psychological characteristics
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.03.029
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发表时间：
2016-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Altenmueller, Eckart
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ioannou, Christos I.;Furuya, Shinichi;Altenmueller, Eckart
最近的研究表明，压力可以调节运动功能。然而，压力对患有局灶性肌张力障碍（FDM）的音乐家的运动表现的影响尚不清楚。本研究评估了20名FDM患者和16名健康音乐家（HM）在压力前和压力下的运动表现。采用特里尔社会压力测试（TSST）控制压力。运动表现根据肌电图（EMG）活动和时间变异性分析来评估，而心电图（ECG）和游离皮质醇水平用于测试下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴的客观改变。最后，采用三份心理诊断标准化问卷对两组的心理特征进行分析。结果表明，急性应激条件下患者的运动障碍没有改变。然而，观察到肌肉共同收缩的增加，反映了应激条件下的生理肌肉反应。心理诊断分析显示，40%的患者存在与焦虑、压力和完美主义相关的更高水平的心理特征。尽管这些患者和具有相反心理特征的患者之间的运动结果没有差异，但以压力和完美主义人格为特征的患者平均比其他患者早10年左右出现肌张力障碍。目前的研究表明，急性应激条件可能对FDM患者的精细运动控制没有任何直接影响。然而，与压力增加、焦虑和完美主义相关的心理特征可能会对受影响的音乐家的运动功能产生长期影响，通过促进加速甚至触发肌张力障碍。(C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Recent investigations have suggested that stress can modulate motor function. However, the impact of stress on motor performance of musicians suffering from focal dystonia (FDM) remains unknown. The current study assessed motor performance in 20 FDM patients and 16 healthy musicians (HM) before and under stress. Stress was manipulated using the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Motor performance was evaluated based on analysis of electromyographic (EMG) activity and temporal variability, while electrocardiography (ECG) and the level of free cortisol were used to test for objective alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Finally, the psychological profiles of both groups were analyzed using three psycho-diagnostic standardized questionnaires. Results showed that patients' motor impairments did not change under acute stressful conditions. However, an increase in muscular co-contractions was observed, reflecting a physiological muscular response under stressful conditions. Psycho-diagnostic analysis revealed higher levels of psychological traits related to elevated anxiety, stress and perfectionism in 40% of the patients. Although the motor outcome between those patients and those with an opposing psychological profile did not differ, patients characterized by stressful and perfectionistic personalities had, on average, developed dystonia about ten years earlier than the rest of the patients. The current study suggests that acute stress conditions may not have any direct impact on fine motor control of FDM patients. However psychological traits associated with increased stress, anxiety and perfectionism may have a long-lasting effect on the motor function of affected musicians, by promoting the acceleration or even the triggering of dystonia. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.