WORD LEARNING IN APHASIA: TREATMENT IMPLICATIONS AND STRUCTURAL CONNECTIVITY ANALYSES.
WORD LEARNING IN APHASIA: TREATMENT IMPLICATIONS AND STRUCTURAL CONNECTIVITY ANALYSES.
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DOI：
10.1097/tld.0000000000000204
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发表时间：
2020-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Martin N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coran M;Rodriguez-Fornells A;Ramos-Escobar N;Laine M;Martin N
目前失语症研究的兴趣是我们可以从失语症的单词学习能力研究中学到什么。在一项初步研究中，我们提出了两个与失语症患者新单词学习能力相关的问题。首先，由于单词学习涉及大规模的认知语言系统（语言技能，言语短期记忆（STM），其他记忆和执行功能），我们探讨了三个失语症患者的新单词学习实践是否可以刺激这些语言相关系统。第二，由于影响失语症词汇学习的病变相关性尚不清楚，我们研究了同一三个人的左弓状神经束（AF）的结构完整性是否与新词汇学习实践的结果有关。为了刺激词汇学习系统，我们的三名参与者进行了为期4周的练习，采用了古代农耕设备学习范式的外显新词-新指涉词学习任务。在实验前后分别对受试者的接受性和表达性新词语学习的进展情况进行了跟踪，并对他们的语言和言语STM能力以及单次新词语学习（Learning to Name Aliens by）进行了测试。为了解决第二个问题，我们分析了参与者的结构MRI扫描关于左AF的完整性及其与病变区域的重叠。所有参与者在训练任务中表现出一定的接受性词汇学习，以及在后测的言语STM广度的改善。三名参与者中有两名在一些语言成果指标上也表现出了改善。一个参与者部分幸免于左AF，特别是颞顶叶连接，表现出更好的词学习性能比其他两个谁有较大的损害和断开的AF。虽然目前的结果是初步的，他们打开的可能性，新的单词学习实践失语症可能会刺激剩余的单词学习机制，失语症，从而影响语言和口头STM能力。这些结果还表明，失语症患者新单词学习能力的保留部分取决于左弓状轨迹的完整性。
Of current interest in aphasia research is the relevance of what we can learn from studying word learning ability in aphasia. In a preliminary study, we addressed two issues related to the novel word learning ability of individuals with aphasia. First, as word learning engages large-scale cognitive-linguistic systems (language skills, verbal short-term memory (STM), other memory and executive functions), we probed whether novel word learning practice in three people with aphasia could stimulate these language-related systems. Second, as lesion correlates affecting word learning in aphasia remain unclear, we examined whether the structural integrity of the left arcuate fasciculus (AF) in the same three individuals is related to outcomes of novel word learning practice. To stimulate word learning systems, our three participants practiced for 4 weeks with an explicit novel word – novel referent word learning task, adopted from the Ancient Farming Equipment learning paradigm. The participants’ progress on receptive and expressive novel word learning was followed up, and their language and verbal STM abilities as well as single-session novel word learning (Learning to Name Aliens by) were tested before and after the practice period. To address the second question, we analyzed the participants’ structural MRI scans with respect to the integrity of the left AF and its overlap with the lesion areas. All participants showed some receptive word learning in the trained task, as well as improvements in verbal STM span at posttest. Two of the three participants also showed improved performance on some of the language outcome measures. One participant with partially spared left AF, especially temporo-parietal connections, exhibited better word learning performance than the other two who had larger damage and disconnection of the AF. While the present results are preliminary, they open the possibility that novel word learning practice in aphasia may stimulate remaining word learning mechanisms in aphasia, and thereby influence language and verbal STM abilities. These results also suggest that preservation of novel word learning ability in aphasia in part depends on the integrity of the left arcuate track.