A Taxonomy of Interrogation Methods
A Taxonomy of Interrogation Methods
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DOI：
10.1037/a0030310
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发表时间：
2013-05-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Kleinman, Steven M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kelly, Christopher E.;Miller, Jeanee C.;Kleinman, Steven M.
除了一些明显的例外，关于审讯、嫌疑人面谈和情报收集的研究主要集中在他们的方法的广泛类别上（例如：例如，在一个实施例中，信息收集与推理模型）或非常具体的技术（例如，例如，在一个实施例中，使用开放式问题，诉诸消息来源的良心）。然而，宽泛的分类不足以全面描述讯问主体与讯问对象之间的动态关系，而具体的技术可能过于详细，无法理解和研究讯问过程。为了解决这个问题，并推进学术和操作领域，我们确定了71种独特的技术，并将其分为六个领域：融洽和关系建立，上下文操纵，情绪激发，协作，对抗/竞争和证据陈述。由此产生的三个层次的结构，包括大类，六个领域，和具体的技术形成了一个分类的审讯方法。此外，我们提出了一个可测试的模型如何域可能在审讯过程中相互作用。分类和理论模型提供了启发式的设备，研究人员和从业人员寻找一个简约和更有意义的方式来描述，研究和理解那些被指控做错事或拥有有罪的知识的采访和审讯。
With a few notable exceptions, the research on interrogation, suspect interviewing, and intelligence collection has been predominantly focused on either broad categories of their methods (e. g., information gathering vs. accusatorial models) or very specific techniques (e. g., using open-ended questions, appealing to the source's conscience). The broad categories, however, are not meaningful enough to fully describe the dynamic between interrogator and subject, whereas the specific techniques may be too detailed to understand and research the process of interrogation. To remedy this and advance the academic and operational fields, we identified 71 unique techniques and sorted them into six domains: Rapport and Relationship Building, Context Manipulation, Emotion Provocation, Collaboration, Confrontation/Competition, and Presentation of Evidence. The resulting three-level structure consisting of broad categories, the six domains, and specific techniques form a taxonomy of interrogation methods. In addition, we propose a testable model of how the domains may interact in the process of interrogation. The taxonomy and theoretical model offer heuristic devices for both researchers and practitioners searching for a parsimonious and more meaningful way to describe, research, and understand the interviewing and interrogation of those accused of wrong-doing or possessing guilty knowledge.