High vulnerability of ecosystem function and services to diversity loss in Caribbean coral reefs
High vulnerability of ecosystem function and services to diversity loss in Caribbean coral reefs
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2013.12.029
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发表时间：
2014-03-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Sanchirico, James N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Micheli, Fiorenza;Mumby, Peter J.;Sanchirico, James N.
确定生态系统功能和服务如何与多样性相关，对于预测多样性丧失的后果和确定海洋保护的目标和优先事项是必要的。生物多样性丧失对生态系统功能和服务的影响取决于功能冗余的水平，即具有相似生态功能特征的物种数量。利用来自巴哈马6个岛屿的199个珊瑚礁和泻湖地点以及4个岛屿的当地渔业的实地数据，我们检查了这些组合中的功能多样性和冗余水平，并确定了鱼类生物量和当地渔业捕鱼量如何随当地多样性而变化。大多数官能团包含很少的物种，这表明这些组合具有有限的功能冗余。大多数还包括当地渔业的目标物种，因此捕鱼有可能广泛影响食物网。大型海洋保护区和被捕捞的珊瑚礁之间的比较证实，捕鱼大大减少了功能冗余，并消除了整个功能群。鱼类生物量和渔业捕获量与物种和功能多样性的正指数关系突出表明，即使生物多样性的小幅下降也可能导致二次生产和海产品供应的大幅减少。这些结果表明，加勒比鱼类群落的功能冗余度低，生态系统功能和服务对多样性丧失的脆弱性高，需要对多物种群落进行保护以维持其功能和服务。(C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Determining how ecosystem function and services are related to diversity is necessary for predicting the consequences of diversity loss and for setting goals and priorities for marine conservation. The consequences of biodiversity loss for ecosystem functions and services depend on the level of functional redundancy - the number of species with similar ecological functional traits. Using field data on fish assemblages from 199 coral reef and lagoon sites from six islands, and on local fisheries from four islands in The Bahamas, we examined levels of functional diversity and redundancy within these assemblages and determined how fish biomass and local fisheries catches vary with local diversity. A majority of functional groups contain few species, suggesting that these assemblages have limited functional redundancy. Most also include species targeted by local fisheries, thus fishing has the potential to broadly impact food webs. Comparisons between a large marine reserve and fished reefs confirm that fishing significantly reduces functional redundancy and removes whole functional groups. Positive exponential relationships of fish biomass and fisheries catches with species and functional diversity highlight that even small declines in biodiversity may result in large reductions in secondary production and seafood provision. Taken together, these results indicate that Caribbean fish assemblages have low functional redundancy and high vulnerability of ecosystem functions and services to diversity loss, and that protection of multi-species assemblages is needed to maintain functions and services. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.