Microwave processing of oil sands and contribution of clay minerals
Microwave processing of oil sands and contribution of clay minerals
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fuel.2014.06.057
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发表时间：
2014-11
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
J. Robinson;E. Binner;A. Saeid;M. Al-harahsheh;S. Kingman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Robinson;E. Binner;A. Saeid;M. Al-harahsheh;S. Kingman
本研究确定了微波加热离体法从油砂中提取石油的可行性。以前在这一领域的研究显示了一些潜力，但还没有描述所用油砂的介电性能，也没有将它们与矿物成分联系起来，如果要成功扩大规模，这两者都是至关重要的。本文首次研究和了解了微波能与油砂的基本相互作用，并对与微波加热和采油相关的材料特性进行了研究。结果表明，高品位油砂的含水率很低(<；0.5%)，介质损耗因数较低，因此微波加热不适用于高品位油砂。低品位油砂可以加工，这项工作显示沥青回收率超过50%，能源需求约为200千瓦时/吨。低品位砂岩含有大量粘土细粉，且含水率较高(∼为5%)。这种水结合在粘土矿物中，使加工过程中的温度达到300摄氏度以上。水合粘土矿物(主要是高岭石)的存在是使低品位油砂适合微波加热的关键特征。低品位油砂中存在的粘土矿物使其不适合常规加工，本研究表明，微波加热可以为从含粘土原料中回收沥青提供一条干法加工路线。
This study establishes the feasibility of microwave heating for extracting oil from Oil Sands in ex-situ processes. Previous studies in this area have shown some potential, but have not characterised the dielectric properties of the Oil Sands used, nor related them to the mineral composition, both of which are vital if successful scale up is to be achieved. In this work the fundamental interactions of microwave energy with Oil Sands are investigated and understood for the first time, and the material characterisation related to microwave heating and oil extraction studies is carried out. It is shown that microwave heating is not feasible for extracting oil from High Grade Oil Sands due to their very low water content (<0.5%), and consequently their low dielectric loss factor. Low Grade Oil Sands can be processed, with bitumen recoveries in excess of 50% shown in this work, and energy requirements around 200 kW h/tonne. Low Grade sands contain significant clay fines and have a higher water content (∼5%). This water is bound within the clay minerals, and allows temperatures in excess of 300 °C to be achieved during processing. The presence of hydrated clay minerals (predominantly kaolinite) is the key characteristic that makes Low Grade Oil Sands amenable to microwave heating. The clay minerals present in the Low Grade Oil Sands make them undesirable for conventional processing, and this study shows that microwave heating could provide a dry-processing route for recovery of bitumen from clay-containing feedstocks.