Melanocytes: The new Black
Melanocytes: The new Black
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocel.2006.10.003
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Goding, Colin R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goding, Colin R.
黑色素细胞是一种产生色素的细胞，主要存在于毛囊、表皮和眼睛中，负责皮肤、头发和眼睛的色素沉着。色素沉着是通过特殊细胞器中黑色素的高度调控制造来实现的，黑色素小体在转移到生长的头发之前沿着树突过程运输，或者角化细胞中黑色素保护免受紫外线诱导的DNA损伤。由于黑素细胞的丧失具有明确的色素沉着表型，但非致死性，迄今已鉴定出130多个与这种细胞类型的发育或功能有关的基因，并且在人类中，黑素细胞或其产生色素或运输或转移黑素小体的能力的丧失与几种疾病有关，如白癜风、白化病和Hermansky-Pudlak综合征。重要的是，这种细胞类型的遗传学、细胞和分子生物学的有效结合正在吸引越来越多的研究人员关注细胞如何协调生存、增殖、分化和干细胞维持。(c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Melanocytes, pigment-producing cells residing primarily in the hair follicle, epidermis and eye, are responsible for skin hair and eye pigmentation. Pigmentation is achieved by the highly regulated manufacture of the pigment melanin in specialised organelles, melanosomes that are transported along dendritic processes before being transferred to growing hair, or keratinocytes where melanin protects from UV-induced DNA damage. Because loss of melanocytes gives a clear pigmentation phenotype yet is non-lethal, over 130 genes implicated in the development or function of this cell type have been identified to date, and in humans the loss of melanocytes or their ability to produce pigment, or transport or transfer melanosomes is associated with several diseases such as vitiligo, albinism and Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. Importantly, the effective combination of genetics, cell and molecular biology possible with this cell type is attracting an increasing number of researchers focussed on understanding how cells coordinate survival, proliferation, differentiation and stem cell maintenance. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.