The Chemical Structure of Gracilaria crassissima (P. et H. Crouan in Schramm et Mazé) P. et H. Crouan in Schramm et Mazé and G. tikvahiae McLachlan (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) Cell-Wall Polysaccharides
The Chemical Structure of Gracilaria crassissima (P. et H. Crouan in Schramm et Mazé) P. et H. Crouan in Schramm et Mazé and G. tikvahiae McLachlan (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) Cell-Wall Polysaccharides
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DOI：
10.1515/botm.1988.31.6.491
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Lahaye;J. Revol;C. Rochas;J. McLachlan;W. Yaphe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Lahaye;J. Revol;C. Rochas;J. McLachlan;W. Yaphe
采用序贯溶剂萃取法、C、H核磁共振及红外光谱法、阴离子交换分选法和x射线衍射法对江蓠和江蓠细胞壁中纤维多糖的成分和部分成分进行了研究。(7)琼脂组分的凝胶强度。同时也测量了草皮。用冷水和60%乙醇沸腾提取由琼脂糖重复单元及其生物前体组成的G. crassissima琼脂。该琼脂中6- o甲基化琼脂糖重复单元的含量较低，取代的双糖主要集中在用煮沸80%乙醇从藻类中提取的高度甲基化的部分中。馏分的碱处理将主要带电分子转化为中性琼脂糖，基本上用阴离子交换器中的蒸馏水洗脱。经碱处理的部分凝胶强度、3,6-无氢半乳糖和硫酸盐含量与市售琼脂糖或琼脂糖相当或更好。因此，草甘膦代表了琼脂和琼脂糖极好的潜在商业资源。相比之下，G. tikvahiae的6-0甲基化琼脂（含4- o -甲基l-半乳糖）是121°C水中的主要提取物，可能反映了细胞壁聚合物的交叉键。碱处理不影响琼脂通过DEAE-Sephadex的电泳模式，表明琼脂上的电荷与生物前体重复单位无关。对聚合物的C - NMR谱分析显示，该琼脂中存在的4- o -甲基α- l -半乳糖醛酸具有共振。用阴离子交换色谱法对这两种藻类的琼脂组分进行分析，并对碱处理过的G. crassissima的组分进行凝胶强度的测定，结果表明，这两种藻类的提取物在1985年9月法国格勒诺布尔举行的第三届欧洲碳水化合物研讨会上发表了部分论文。2目前地址：INRA-LBTG， BP 527,44026 Nantes CEDEX 03 3逝世于1986年5月。Lahaye等人：用序列溶剂法对江蓠（Gracilaria crassissima）和G. tikvahiae细胞壁多糖的化学结构进行了异质分析。提出了琼脂序贯溶剂萃取和阴离子交换色谱相结合的方法，以获得更好的化学定义琼脂糖。最后，x射线衍射法明确地证明了纤维素在从这两种藻类中提取琼脂后回收的纤维材料中的存在。
The matricial and part of the fibrillar polysaccharides from the cell walls of Gracilaria crassissima and G. tikvahiae were investigated using a sequential solvent extraction, C, H nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy, anion exchange fractionation, and X-ray diffractometry. The gel strength of agar fractions from (7. crassissima were also measured. Agar from G. crassissima, composed essentially of agarobiose repeating units with its biological precursor, was extracted with cold water and boiling 60% ethanol. The content of 6-O-methylated agarobiose repeating units in this agar was low, and the substituted disaccharide was principally concentrated in one highly methylated fraction extracted from the alga with boiling 80% ethanol. Alkali treatment of fractions converted the mainly charged molecules to neutral agarose that eluted essentially with distilled water from the anionexchanger. The gel strength, 3,6-anhydrogalactose and sulfate contents of alkali-treated fractions were comparable or better than commercial agar or agarose. Thus, G. crassissima represents an excellent potential commercial resource for agar and agarose. In contrast, with G. tikvahiae the 6-0-methylated agar-containing 4-O-methyl L-galactode, was the principal extract in water at 121 °C, probably reflecting cross-linkages of cell-wall polymers. Alkali treatment of this fraction did not affect its ehition pattern through DEAE-Sephadex, demonstrating that the charge on this agar was not associated with biological precursor repeating units. Analysis of the C NMR spectra of the polymers revealed resonances that were assigned to the 4-O-methyl α-L-galactopyranosc present in this agar. Anion exchange chromatography of agar fractions from these two algae and the different gel strengths obtained between alkali-treated fractions from G. crassissima indicated that the extracts obtained by the 1 Presented in part at the Third European Carbohydrate Symposium, Grenoble, France, September 1985. 2 Present address: INRA-LBTG, BP 527, 44026 Nantes CEDEX 03 3 Deceased, May 1986. Botanica Marina / Vol. 31 / 1988 / Fasc. 6 Copyright © 1988 Walter de Gruyler · Berlin · New York 492 Lahaye et al.: The chemical structure of Gracilaria crassissima and G. tikvahiae cell-wall polysaccharides sequential solvent method were heterogeneous. A combination of sequential solvent extraction of agar and anion exchange chromatography is proposed for obtaining better chemically defined agaroses. Finally, X-ray diffractometry definitively demonstrated the presence of cellulose in the fibrous material recovered after extraction of agar from these two algae.