NO GAMETOPHORES 2 Is a Novel Regulator of the 2D to 3D Growth Transition in the Moss Physcomitrella patens.
NO GAMETOPHORES 2 Is a Novel Regulator of the 2D to 3D Growth Transition in the Moss Physcomitrella patens.
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NO GAMETOPHORES 2 是苔藓立碗藓 2D 到 3D 生长转变的新型调节剂。
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2020.10.077
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Moody LA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Moody LA
植物对土地的殖民化是地球生命史上最具变革性的事件之一。从水的过渡，这正好与三维（3D）增长的演变，并可能促进，使陆地上的形态多样性的产生。在许多植物中，从二维（2D）到三维生长的转变发生在胚胎发育期间。然而，在早期的分歧mossPhyscomitrella patens，3D生长之前是一个延长的丝状阶段，可以无限期地保持。在这里，我们描述的细胞分裂素响应NO GAMETOPHORES 2（PpNOG 2）基因，它编码的莽草酸O-羟基肉桂酰基转移酶的鉴定。在缺失PpNOG 2功能的突变体中，CLAVATA和SCARECROW基因的转录水平显著降低，产生过多的配子体初始细胞，芽经历过早的发育停滞。突变体也表现出生长素反应基因的失调。我们的研究结果表明，PpNOG 2功能的抗坏血酸途径，导致角质层的形成和NOG 2相关的基因被增选到木质素生物合成途径后，分歧brendrites和维管植物。我们提出了一个修改后的模型，其中PpNOG 2包括一个反馈机制，这是所需的配子体初始细胞频率的调制的一部分的三维生长。我们还提出，2D到3D的生长过渡inP. pastensis支持复杂的生长素-细胞分裂素的串扰，调节，至少部分，通过类黄酮代谢的变化。
The colonization of land by plants was one of the most transformative events in the history of life on Earth. The transition from water, which coincided with and was likely facilitated by the evolution of three-dimensional (3D) growth, enabled the generation of morphological diversity on land. In many plants, the transition from two-dimensional (2D) to 3D growth occurs during embryo development. However, in the early divergent mossPhyscomitrella patens, 3D growth is preceded by an extended filamentous phase that can be maintained indefinitely. Here, we describe the identification of the cytokinin-responsiveNO GAMETOPHORES 2(PpNOG2) gene, which encodes a shikimate o-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase. In mutants lackingPpNOG2function, transcript levels ofCLAVATAandSCARECROWgenes are significantly reduced, excessive gametophore initial cells are produced, and buds undergo premature developmental arrest. Mutants also exhibit misregulation of auxin-responsive genes. Our results suggest that PpNOG2 functions in the ascorbic acid pathway leading to cuticle formation and that NOG2-related genes were co-opted into the lignin biosynthesis pathway after the divergence of bryophytes and vascular plants. We present a revised model of 3D growth in which PpNOG2 comprises part of a feedback mechanism that is required for the modulation of gametophore initial cell frequency. We also propose that the 2D to 3D growth transition inP. patensis underpinned by complex auxin-cytokinin crosstalk that is regulated, at least in part, by changes in flavonoid metabolism.