Understanding PES from the ground up: a combined choice experiment and interview approach to understanding PES in Costa Rica

Understanding PES from the ground up: a combined choice experiment and interview approach to understanding PES in Costa Rica
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从头开始了解 PES:结合选择实验和访谈方法来了解哥斯达黎加的 PES

DOI:
10.1007/s11625-018-00653-w
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Colson, Gregory
Colson, Gregory
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Allen, Karen E.;Colson, Gregory

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环境服务付费(PES)是一套基于市场的保护机制的一部分,因其在私人土地上提供生态系统服务的潜力而受到国际关注。作为PES的先驱,哥斯达黎加政府向土地所有者提供报酬,以保护其财产上的森林覆盖。PES项目的效率和有效性受到了批评,因为人们对支付改变土地所有者行为的能力知之甚少。与现有文献不同,我们将半结构化访谈的数据与经济非市场评估技术(陈述选择实验)相结合,探索哥斯达黎加混合用途Bellbird生物走廊对PES的偏好以及PES对决策的影响。选择实验揭示了农民对PES的偏好,而访谈为选择实验结果提供了背景,并阐明了政策的含义。结果表明,农民对PES设计和项目实施的反对影响了他们接受保护工作支付的意愿。结果进一步表明,无论提供何种竞争性付款,研究地区相当大比例的农民都对PES计划有抵抗力。我们认为,这种对计划的总体抵制是计划效率低下的关键驱动因素。我们进一步建议,潜在的项目改进需要更好地与多方面的土地所有者价值相结合,PES可能无法构成吸引小农参与保护的有效机制。
Payments for environmental services (PES) are part of a suite of market-based conservation mechanisms that have gained international attention for their potential to produce ecosystem services across private landholdings. The Costa Rican government, a PES pioneer, provides landowners with remuneration for conserving forest cover on their properties. The efficiency and effectiveness of PES programs have been critiqued, because little is understood about the ability of payments to alter landowner behavior. Unique to the existent literature, we combine data from semi-structured interviews with an economic nonmarket valuation technique, the stated choice experiment, to explore preferences for PES and the impact of PES on decision making in the mixed-use Bellbird Biological Corridor of Costa Rica. The choice experiment reveals farmer preferences for PES, while interviews provide context for the choice experiment results and illuminate the implications for policy. Results show that farmer objections to PES design and program implementation influence willingness to accept payments for conservation efforts. Results further indicate that a significant share of farmers in the study area are resistant to the PES program irrespective of competitive payments offered. We suggest that this overall resistance to the program is a key driver of program inefficiency. We further suggest that potential program improvements require better engagement with multifaceted landowner values, and that PES may not constitute an effective mechanism for engaging small-scale farmers in conservation.
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