Translating the ‘adaptation to climate change’ paradigm: the politics of a travelling idea in Africa
Translating the ‘adaptation to climate change’ paradigm: the politics of a travelling idea in Africa
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转化“适应气候变化”范式：非洲旅行想法的政治
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Detlef Müller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Florian Weisser;M. Bollig;M. Doevenspeck;Detlef Müller
在过去几年中，适应气候变化已经成为发展政治中的一个主导新主题，几乎可以被视为一种新的发展范式。然而，正如本文对三个东非国家的实证研究所表明的那样，这种新范式及其影响并非毫无问题。这篇文章认为，当前环境治理的转变不仅反映了气候变化本身，而且——也许更反映了——关于气候变化的论述及其对发展政治的影响。经验证据表明，非洲农民、政治家和政府官员往往更容易对新的“适应范式”做出反应，而不是直接感受到气候变化引起的现象。因此，我们认为适应气候变化概念的本体论需要重新调整。在认识论上，我们关注的是在多个地点追踪适应气候变化的话语，即它如何在全球认识论社区和发展中国家的适应项目之间“传播”。根据行动者网络理论及其翻译概念，我们通过强调使适应成为现实的有争议和多地点的叙述和实践，提供了适应气候变化的另一种观点。
In the past few years, adaptation to climate change has emerged as a dominant new theme in development politics, to an extent that it can almost be considered as a new development paradigm. Yet, this new paradigm and its effects are not unproblematic, as the empirical research in three East African countries presented in this article indicates. The article argues that the current transformation of environmental governance reflects not only climate change as such, but also – and perhaps even more so – the discourse of a changing climate and its effect on development politics. The empirical evidence shows that African farmers, politicians and government officials often respond to the new ‘adaptation paradigm’ more readily than to directly felt phenomena caused by a changing climate. We therefore argue that the ontology of the concept of adaptation to climate change needs to be readjusted. Epistemologically, our concern is to trace the discourse of adaptation to climate change across multiple sites, i.e. how it ‘travels’ between global epistemic communities and adaptation projects in developing countries. Drawing on actor-network theory and its concept of translation, we provide an alternative view of adaptation to climate change by highlighting the contested and multi-sited narratives and practices that bring adaptation into being.