Variability in thermal and phototactic preferences in Drosophila may reflect an adaptive bet-hedging strategy
Variability in thermal and phototactic preferences in Drosophila may reflect an adaptive bet-hedging strategy
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DOI：
10.1111/evo.12813
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
de Bivort, Benjamin L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kain, Jamey S.;Zhang, Sarah;de Bivort, Benjamin L.
生物体使用各种策略来应对不断变化的环境条件。在多元化的赌注对冲中，单一基因型表现出表型异质性，期望某些个体能够在短暂的选择压力下生存。迄今为止，押注对冲的经验证据还很少。在这里，我们观察到果蝇个体在光和温度偏好行为上表现出显着的变化。通过结合现实世界天气和气候数据的建模方法来模拟依赖于温度偏好的生存和繁殖，我们发现对冲策略可能是观察到的个体间行为多样性的基础。具体来说，对冲策略胜过个人热偏好可遗传的策略。采用对冲策略的动物无法适应春天的凉爽，而增加了对温暖的追求，这在炎热的夏天不可避免地会适得其反。当平均季节性温度典型或季节内温度波动较大时，此策略特别有价值。该模型预测并且我们通过实验验证了果蝇个体的行为是不可遗传的。最后，我们模拟了历史天气数据、气候变化和地理季节变化对个体之间行为变化的最佳策略的影响，描述了对冲有利的制度。
Organisms use various strategies to cope with fluctuating environmental conditions. In diversified bet-hedging, a single genotype exhibits phenotypic heterogeneity with the expectation that some individuals will survive transient selective pressures. To date, empirical evidence for bet-hedging is scarce. Here, we observe that individual Drosophila melanogaster flies exhibit striking variation in light- and temperature-preference behaviors. With a modeling approach that combines real world weather and climate data to simulate temperature preference-dependent survival and reproduction, we find that a bet-hedging strategy may underlie the observed interindividual behavioral diversity. Specifically, bet-hedging outcompetes strategies in which individual thermal preferences are heritable. Animals employing bet-hedging refrain from adapting to the coolness of spring with increased warm-seeking that inevitably becomes counterproductive in the hot summer. This strategy is particularly valuable when mean seasonal temperatures are typical, or when there is considerable fluctuation in temperature within the season. The model predicts, and we experimentally verify, that the behaviors of individual flies are not heritable. Finally, we model the effects of historical weather data, climate change, and geographic seasonal variation on the optimal strategies underlying behavioral variation between individuals, characterizing the regimes in which bet-hedging is advantageous.