Can we do for other essential medicines what we are doing for the COVID-19 vaccine?
Can we do for other essential medicines what we are doing for the COVID-19 vaccine?
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005158
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Torreele E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murphy A;Mbau L;McKee M;Hanson K;Torreele E
到2021年初，世界欢迎关于新冠肺炎几种候选疫苗的令人鼓舞的消息。辉瑞生物科技、莫德纳、牛津/阿斯利康和中国的BBIBP-COV疫苗已经在一些高收入国家推出，其他疫苗可能会紧随其后。虽然在低收入和中等收入国家获得疫苗的工作滞后，但有几种疫苗在需要疫苗的低收入和中等收入国家具有抗击大流行的巨大潜力。例如，由中国的中创生物科技公司开发的Coronavac已在中国获得批准，并正在包括巴西、印度尼西亚、孟加拉国和菲律宾在内的几个LMIC进行第三阶段试验。到12月初，巴西和印度尼西亚已经接种了100多万剂疫苗。俄罗斯已经批准了Sputnik V疫苗。牛津/阿斯利康疫苗正在印度推出。后三种疫苗的优势在于，它们可以使用标准的2C-8C冷链基础设施进行运输、储存和交付(辉瑞疫苗需要保存在−70℃，莫德纳需要保存在−20℃)。根据目前获得的信息，牛津/阿斯利康疫苗的成本也可能低于竞争对手的疫苗，部分原因是它的设计不同，但也因为阿斯特拉-捷利康承诺在疫情期间以成本价销售，并永久出售给LMIC。对新冠肺炎的快速反应是由旨在支持创新的大规模公共投资实现的。自2020年2月以来，公共部门已在新冠肺炎疫苗和疗法上投资了930亿欧元。1大约三分之一的投资来自美国，24%来自欧盟，13%来自日本和韩国。一些政府，特别是英国和欧盟，也做出了
By the beginning of 2021 the world welcomed encouraging news on several candidate vaccines for COVID-19. Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna, Oxford/AstraZeneca and the Chinese BBIBP-CorV vaccines are already rolled out in some high-income countries, and other vaccines may follow. While in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) access is lagging, there are several vaccines with significant potential for fighting the pandemic in those LMICs that need them. For instance, Coronavac, developed by China’s Sinovac Biotech, has been approved in China and is undergoing phase III trials in several LMICs, including Brazil, Indonesia, Bangladesh and the Philippines. By early December, Brazil and Indonesia had received over a million doses of the vaccine. The Sputnik V vaccine has been approved in Russia. The Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine is being rolled out in India. The advantage of these last three vaccines is that they can be transported, stored and delivered using the standard 2 C–8 C cold chain infrastructure (the Pfizer vaccine needs to be kept at− 70 C and Moderna at− 20 C). Based on currently available information, the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine is also likely to cost less than competitor vaccines, partly because of its different design, but also because Astra-Zeneca has committed to selling it at cost during the pandemic and in perpetuity to LMICs.The speed of the response to COVID-19 has been made possible by massive public investments aimed at supporting innovation. Since February 2020, the public sector has invested€ 93 billion in COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics. 1 Roughly a third of this investment has come from the USA, 24% from the European Union and 13% from Japan and South Korea. Some governments, especially Britain and the European Union, have also made
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影响因子：
8.1
作者：
Beran, David;Lazo-Porras, Maria;Toyama, Mauricio
通讯作者：
Toyama, Mauricio
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
't Hoen, Ellen F. M.;Veraldi, Jacquelyn;Hogerzeil, Hans V.
通讯作者：
Hogerzeil, Hans V.
影响因子：
8.1
作者：
Chow CK;Nguyen TN;Marschner S;Diaz R;Rahman O;Avezum A;Lear SA;Teo K;Yeates KE;Lanas F;Li W;Hu B;Lopez-Jaramillo P;Gupta R;Kumar R;Mony PK;Bahonar A;Yusoff K;Khatib R;Kazmi K;Dans AL;Zatonska K;Alhabib KF;Kruger IM;Rosengren A;Gulec S;Yusufali A;Chifamba J;Rangarajan S;McKee M;Yusuf S;PURE Study
通讯作者：
PURE Study
影响因子：
8.1
作者：
Murphy, Adrianna;Palafox, Benjamin;Mckee, Martin
通讯作者：
Mckee, Martin