Information processing capacity in psychopathy: Effects of anomalous attention.
Information processing capacity in psychopathy: Effects of anomalous attention.
复制标题
精神病患者的信息处理能力：异常注意力的影响。
DOI：
10.1037/per0000223
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Newman,JosephP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hamilton,RachelKB;Newman,JosephP
汉密尔顿和他的同事们(2015)最近提出，精神病症的综合缺陷限制了同时加工，从而减少了可用于信息编码的资源，缩小了注意力范围，并破坏了关联加工。本研究使用同时-顺序范式对这一并行加工缺陷提议进行了评估。这项研究标志着对汉密尔顿等人S理论框架的首次先验检验。我们预测，与需要顺序处理的试验相比，精神病患者在需要同时处理视觉信息的试验中表现较差(以较低的准确率和较长的反应时间为指标)。结果与这些预测一致，支持精神病的特征是同时处理多成分知觉信息的能力降低。我们讨论了精神变态缺陷概念化的同时加工受损的潜在含义。
Hamilton and colleagues (2015) recently proposed that an integrative deficit in psychopathy restricts simultaneous processing, thereby leaving fewer resources available for information encoding, narrowing the scope of attention, and undermining associative processing. The current study evaluated this parallel processing deficit proposal using the Simultaneous—Sequential paradigm. This investigation marks the first a priori test of the Hamilton et al.’s theoretical framework. We predicted that psychopathy would be associated with inferior performance (as indexed by lower accuracy and longer response time) on trials requiring simultaneous processing of visual information relative to trials necessitating sequential processing. Results were consistent with these predictions, supporting the proposal that psychopathy is characterized by a reduced capacity to process multicomponent perceptual information concurrently. We discuss the potential implications of impaired simultaneous processing for the conceptualization of the psychopathic deficit.