Effects of directionality in deductive reasoning: I. The comprehension of single relational premises.
Effects of directionality in deductive reasoning: I. The comprehension of single relational premises.
复制标题
演绎推理中方向性的影响：I.单个关系前提的理解。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.26.6.1702
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Oliver Wilhelm
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Oberauer;Oliver Wilhelm
四个实验涉及123名大学生，通过句子-图片验证任务，测试了空间关系、量化陈述和命题连接词的理解中的方向性效应。发言中术语所指的表述以1 S分隔，表述顺序与发言中术语的顺序一致或不一致。一些关系显示一致的显示顺序的验证时间较快，另一些关系显示不一致的显示顺序的验证时间较短，还有一些关系没有方向性效应。提出了一种构建关系语句语义表征的两步过程模型，该模型首先建立一个参照对象，然后将第二个对象附加到关系对象上。这一理论解释了各种方向性效应，认为这是一种普遍的偏好，即在处理关于目标对象的信息之前，处理关于参考对象的信息。
Four experiments involving 123 university students tested directionality effects in the comprehension of spatial relations, quantified statements, and propositional connectives with a sentence-picture verification task. Presentation of the referents of terms in the statements was separated by 1 s, and presentation order was congruent or incongruent with the order of terms in the statement. Some relations showed faster verification times for congruent display order, others for incongruent display order, and still others showed no directionality effect. The authors proposed a 2-step process model for the construction of semantic representations of relational statements, in which a reference object is established first, and then the second object is attached in relation to it. This theory explains the various directionality effects as a general preference to process information about the reference object before information about the target object.