Self-assembly of mesoscopically ordered chromatic polydiacetylene/silica nanocomposites
Self-assembly of mesoscopically ordered chromatic polydiacetylene/silica nanocomposites
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DOI：
10.1038/35073544
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发表时间：
2001-04-19
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Brinker, CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lu, YF;Yang, Y;Brinker, CJ
自然界中充满了由硬材料和软材料协同交织组成的复杂复合结构，以提供有用的功能和机械完整性。最近模仿这种天然设计的合成努力集中在纳米复合材料（1-5）上，主要通过缓慢的程序制备，如无机纳米结构的单体或聚合物渗透（6，7）或顺序沉积（8，9）。在这里，我们报告的共轭聚合物/二氧化硅纳米复合薄膜的自组装与六方，立方或层状介观秩序使用可聚合的两亲性二乙炔分子作为结构导向剂和单体。自组装过程是快速的，并将有机单体均匀地结合在高度有序的无机环境中。聚合导致聚二乙炔/二氧化硅纳米复合材料是光学透明的和机械坚固的。与以Langmuir单层（10）或通过Langmuir-Blodgett沉积（10）制备的有序的含二乙炔的膜相比，纳米结构的无机主体改变了二乙炔聚合行为，并且所得的纳米复合材料响应于热、机械和化学刺激而表现出不寻常的颜色变化。无机骨架用于保护、稳定和定向聚合物，并介导其功能。纳米复合材料结构还提供了足够的机械完整性，使集成到设备和微系统。
Nature abounds with intricate composite architectures composed of hard and soft materials synergistically intertwined to provide both useful functionality and mechanical integrity. Recent synthetic efforts to mimic such natural designs have focused on nanocomposites(1-5), prepared mainly by slow procedures like monomer or polymer infiltration of inorganic nanostructures(6,7) or sequential deposition(8,9). Here we report the self-assembly of conjugated polymer/silica nanocomposite films with hexagonal, cubic or lamellar mesoscopic order using polymerizable amphiphilic diacetylene molecules as both structure-directing agents and monomers. The self-assembly procedure is rapid and incorporates the organic monomers uniformly within a highly ordered, inorganic environment. Polymerization results in polydiacetylene/silica nanocomposites that are optically transparent and mechanically robust. Compared to ordered diacetylene-containing films prepared as Langmuir monolayers(10) or by Langmuir-Blodgett deposition(10), the nanostructured inorganic host alters the diacetylene polymerization behaviour, and the resulting nanocomposite exhibits unusual chromatic changes in response to thermal, mechanical and chemical stimuli. The inorganic framework serves to protect, stabilize, and orient the polymer, and to mediate its function. The nanocomposite architecture also provides sufficient mechanical integrity to enable integration into devices and microsystems.