Twenty-five Years of Outpatient Influenza Surveillance in South Africa, 1984-2008
Twenty-five Years of Outpatient Influenza Surveillance in South Africa, 1984-2008
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jis575
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发表时间：
2012-12-15
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Blumberg, Lucille
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McAnerney, Johanna M.;Cohen, Cheryl;Blumberg, Lucille
介绍。了解流感的季节性有助于为预防和临床治疗策略提供信息。本手稿的目的是描述甲型 H1N1 流感大流行之前南非门诊流感的趋势和流行病学。方法。每年，参与的医疗保健从业者都会将流感样疾病 (ILI) 患者的咽喉拭子送到国家传染病研究所，通过病毒观察流感监测计划，通过免疫荧光和病毒培养进行流感检测。结果。 1984年至2004年，参与地点仅限于1个省，每年的标本数量从91个到534个不等。2005年，该计划扩大了。到 2008 年，该计划覆盖了所有 9 个省份；那年提交了 1276 份标本。平均发病周是六月第一周，平均峰值是七月第一周。季节持续时间从 6 周到 18 周不等，平均为 10 周。年平均流感检出率为 28%（范围为 23%-41%）。 25年中，14年（56%）以甲型H3N2流感为主，7年（28%）以季节性甲型H1N1流感为主，2年以乙型流感（8%）为主，2年内多种类型同时流行。结论。该计划提供了有关每年流感季节时间的宝贵数据，可用于指导疫苗接种时间并协助临床医生决定是否进行经验性抗病毒治疗。
Introduction. Understanding the seasonality of influenza can help inform prevention and clinical treatment strategies. The aim of this manuscript is to describe the trends and epidemiology of outpatient influenza in South Africa prior to the influenza A(H1N1) pandemic.Methods. Throughout each year, participating healthcare practitioners sent throat swabs from patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) to the National Institute for Communicable Diseases for influenza testing by immunofluorescence and viral culture through the Viral Watch influenza surveillance program.Results. From 1984 to 2004, participating sites were restricted to 1 province and the annual number of specimens ranged from 91 to 534. In 2005 the program was expanded. By 2008 the program included all 9 provinces; 1276 specimens were submitted that year. The mean week of onset was the first week of June and the mean peak was the first week of July. The duration of the season ranged from 6 to 18 weeks with a mean of 10 weeks. The mean annual influenza detection rate was 28% (range, 23%-41%). Influenza A(H3N2) predominated in 14 (56%) of the 25 years, seasonal influenza A(H1N1) in 7 (28%), and influenza B in 2 (8%), and in 2 years multiple types cocirculated.Conclusions. The program has provided valuable data on the timing of the influenza season each year that can be useful to direct the timing of vaccination and assist clinicians in deciding whether to prescribe empirical antiviral therapy.