Direct Observation of Melting in Shock-Compressed Bismuth With Femtosecond X-ray Diffraction
Direct Observation of Melting in Shock-Compressed Bismuth With Femtosecond X-ray Diffraction
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.115.095701
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发表时间：
2015-08-28
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
McMahon, M. I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gorman, M. G.;Briggs, R.;McMahon, M. I.
利用X射线自由电子激光器的飞秒X射线衍射技术研究了铋在冲击压缩下的熔化过程。固-固和固-液相变记录使用离散衍射峰的变化和出现广泛的，液体散射后，从冲击压力高达14 GPa的释放。从固态到液体的转变被发现发生在不到3 ns，非常快，比以前认为的。这些结果是第一次定量测量的液体材料上获得的冲击释放，使用X-射线衍射，并提供了上限的时间尺度下的冲击负荷下的铋熔化。
The melting of bismuth in response to shock compression has been studied using in situ femtosecond x-ray diffraction at an x-ray free electron laser. Both solid-solid and solid-liquid phase transitions are documented using changes in discrete diffraction peaks and the emergence of broad, liquid scattering upon release from shock pressures up to 14 GPa. The transformation from the solid state to the liquid is found to occur in less than 3 ns, very much faster than previously believed. These results are the first quantitative measurements of a liquid material obtained on shock release using x-ray diffraction, and provide an upper limit for the time scale of melting of bismuth under shock loading.