Changes in dentofacial morphology after adeno-/tonsillectomy in young children with obstructive sleep apnoea - a 5-year follow-up study
Changes in dentofacial morphology after adeno-/tonsillectomy in young children with obstructive sleep apnoea - a 5-year follow-up study
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DOI：
10.1093/ejo/cji119
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Linder-Aronson, Sten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zettergren-Wijk, Lena;Forsberg, Carl-Magnus;Linder-Aronson, Sten
本研究的目的是比较阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）综合征患儿的牙面变量和气道空间与正常呼吸模式对照组儿童的相应变量，前瞻性研究OSA治疗后5年内这些变量的发展，研究对象为17例OSA综合征患儿（男10例，女7例，平均年龄5.6岁）。OSA的治疗是腺样体/扁桃体切除术。对照组包括17名年龄和性别匹配的儿童（平均年龄5.8岁），没有呼吸问题。在基线和治疗后1年、3年和5年分别拍摄OSA儿童的侧位头颅X线片。对照组的记录包括基线时、1年后和5年后的记录。与对照组相比，OSA儿童的下颌骨更向后倾斜上颌骨前倾（P < 0.05）（P < 0.001），更低的前面高度前颅底短（P < 0.01）（P < 0.01），上下切牙后倾（分别为P < 0.05和P < 0.01），气道间隙缩小（P < 0.05和P < 0.01），鼻影不明显（P < 0.05）。治疗后5年，除患者组前颅底和鼻长仍较短外（P < 0.05），两组间差异无统计学意义。然而，如果在早期诊断和治疗OSA，则可以实现牙面形态的几乎完全正常化。
The aim of this study was to compare a number of dentofacial variables and airway space in children suffering from obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome with the corresponding variables in control children exhibiting a normal breathing pattern, to study the development of these variables prospectively over a 5-year-period following treatment for OSA, and to compare the recorded changes with the corresponding changes occurring in the controls.The subjects were 17 children (10 boys and 7 girls, mean age 5.6 years) diagnosed with OSA syndrome. The treatment for the OSA was adeno-/tonsillectomy. The control group comprised 17 age- and gender-matched children (mean age 5.8 years) without breathing problems. Lateral cephalograms were taken of the OSA children at baseline and then at 1, 3, and 5 years post-treatment. The control records comprised registrations at baseline and then after 1 and 5 years.In comparison with the controls, the OSA children exhibited a more posteriorly inclined mandible (P < 0.05), a more anteriorly inclined maxilla (P < 0.001), a greater lower anterior face height (P < 0.01), a shorter anterior cranial base (P < 0.01), retroclined upper and lower incisors (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), reduced airway space (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), and a less pronounced nose (P < 0.05). At 5 years post-treatment, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups except for the lengths of the anterior cranial base and the nose which were still shorter (P < 0.05) in the patient group.OSA in young children has an unfavourable effect on the development of several dental and facial components. However, if OSA is diagnosed and treated at an early age, an almost complete normalization of dentofacial morphology may be achieved.