MLH1 deficiency enhances tumor cell sensitivity to ganciclovir.

MLH1 deficiency enhances tumor cell sensitivity to ganciclovir.
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DOI:
10.1038/cgt.2009.16
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发表时间:
2009-09
影响因子:
6.4
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学3区
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--
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单纯疱疹病毒胸苷激酶和更昔洛韦联合自杀基因治疗可产生多对数细胞毒性,在S期具有独特的延迟性细胞毒性。因为羟基脲,一种激活错配修复的核苷酸还原酶抑制剂,可以增加对更昔洛韦的敏感性,我们评估了MLH1,一种必要的错配修复蛋白,在更昔洛韦细胞毒性中的作用。使用表达或不表达MLH1的HCT116TK(HSV-TK)结肠癌细胞,细胞存活研究表明,MLH1缺陷细胞对更昔洛韦的敏感性更高,主要是在高浓度。这不能用更昔洛韦代谢的差异来解释,因为表达MLH1的较不敏感的细胞积累了更多的更昔洛韦三磷酸,并将更多的类似物结合到DNA中。抑制U251胶质母细胞瘤或SW480结肠癌细胞中MLH1的siRNA也增强了对高浓度更昔洛韦的敏感性。一组酵母缺失突变体的研究证实了MLH1的结果,并进一步表明同源重组修复和几个细胞周期检查点蛋白在更昔洛韦细胞毒性中的作用。这些数据表明MLH1可以预防更昔洛韦的细胞毒性。靶向错配修复缺陷的肿瘤可能会增加这种自杀基因治疗癌症的有效性。
Suicide gene therapy with herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase and ganciclovir is notable for producing multi-log cytotoxicity in a unique pattern of delayed cytotoxicity in S-phase. Because hydroxyurea, a ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor that activates mismatch repair, can increase sensitivity to ganciclovir, we evaluated the role of MLH1, an essential mismatch repair protein, in ganciclovir cytotoxicity. Using HCT116TK (HSV-TK-expressing) colon carcinoma cells that express or lack MLH1, cell survival studies demonstrated greater ganciclovir sensitivity in the MLH1 deficient cells, primarily at high concentrations. This could not be explained by differences in ganciclovir metabolism, as the less sensitive MLH1-expresssing cells accumulated more ganciclovir triphosphate and incorporated more of the analog into DNA. SiRNA suppression of MLH1 in U251 glioblastoma or SW480 colon carcinoma cells also enhanced sensitivity to high concentrations of ganciclovir. Studies in a panel of yeast deletion mutants confirmed the results with MLH1, and further suggested a role for homologous recombination repair and several cell cycle checkpoint proteins in ganciclovir cytotoxicity. These data suggest that MLH1 can prevent cytotoxicity with ganciclovir. Targeting mismatch repair-deficient tumors may increase efficacy of this suicide gene therapy approach to cancer treatment.
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