Enhanced control of an outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with azithromycin prophylaxis
Enhanced control of an outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia with azithromycin prophylaxis
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DOI：
10.1086/513818
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Vugia, DJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klausner, JD;Passaro, D;Vugia, DJ
对于封闭社区中肺炎支原体肺炎的暴发，目前没有推荐的疫情防控措施。先前的研究表明，对病例患者的密切接触者进行化学预防是有用的。为了评估在机构暴发期间各种疫情防控措施的有效性，在一家发育障碍居民机构（142例病例）发生的一次大规模肺炎支原体肺炎暴发期间进行了一项观察性研究。所评估的防控措施包括不采取防控措施、标准疫情防控措施以及针对性的阿奇霉素预防（第1天500毫克，第2 - 5天每天250毫克）加上标准疫情防控措施。阿奇霉素预防和标准疫情防控措施联合使用与二代发病率的显著降低相关。这项研究表明，在肺炎支原体肺炎的机构暴发期间，在标准疫情防控措施的基础上增加抗生素预防可能是有用的。
There are currently no recommended epidemic-control measures for Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia outbreaks in closed communities. Previous studies have suggested the usefulness of chemoprophylaxis administered to close contacts of case-patients, To evaluate the effectiveness of various epidemic-control measures during an institutional outbreak, an observational study was undertaken during a very large outbreak of M. pneumoniae pneumonia at a facility for developmentally disabled residents (n = 142 cases). Control measures evaluated included no control, standard epidemic-control measures, and targeted azithromycin prophylaxis (500 mg on day 1, 250 mg/day on days 2-5) plus standard epidemic-control measures, The combined use of azithromycin prophylaxis and standard epidemic-control measures was associated with a significant reduction in the secondary attack rate. This study suggests that the addition of antibiotic prophylaxis to standard epidemic-control measures can be useful during institutional outbreaks of M. pneumoniae pneumonia.