Genetics and Society—Educating Scientifically Literate Citizens: Introduction to the Thematic Issue
Genetics and Society—Educating Scientifically Literate Citizens: Introduction to the Thematic Issue
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遗传学与社会——教育公民的科学素养：专题简介
DOI：
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
B. Strasser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kostas Kampourakis;T. Reydon;G. Patrinos;B. Strasser
分子遗传学和基因组学的进展及其在个性化医疗和其他领域的应用正在引发重要的社会科学问题。如果科学教学的目的是教育具有科学素养的公民，那么科学课程必须解决当前遗传和基因组技术对我们生活的影响。所有工业化社会的教育政策都将科学素养视为教育的主要目标。一些欧盟成员国（Eurydice Network 2011）和美国（国家研究理事会2012）的科学标准也提出了类似的目标。鉴于基因作为人类身份，健康和行为的决定因素的关键作用，遗传学是一个科学素养特别重要的科学领域。随着媒体广泛关注人类特征的遗传基础的确定，以及直接面向消费者的基因检测越来越多，非专家必须了解可以获得哪些可靠的遗传知识以及这些知识对社会的影响。因此，科学教育工作者和教师需要了解遗传学和基因组学研究的现状，最先进的技术，其生物医学应用，以及相关的伦理问题。在这方面，研究科学家对公众理解科学的贡献很重要（Reydon等人，2012年）。
Advances in molecular genetics and genomics, and their applications in personalised medicine and other fields, are raising important socio-scientific issues. If the aim of science teaching is to educate scientifically literate citizens, the implications of current genetic and genomic technologies for our lives have to be addressed in science courses. Educational policies in all industrialized societies consider science literacy as a main goal of education. The science standards in several European Union member states (Eurydice Network 2011) and the United States (National Research Council 2012) have stated similar goals. Given the key role attributed to genes as determinants of human identity, health, and behavior, genetics is a scientific field about which science literacy is particularly important. With the wide media attention given to the identification of the genetic basis of human traits and the increasing availability of direct-to-consumer genetic tests it is important that non-experts understand what kinds of reliable genetic knowledge can be acquired and what their implications for society are. Thus, science educators and teachers need to be informed about the current status of genetics and genomics research, the technological state of the art, its biomedical applications, and the relevant ethical issues. The contribution of research scientists to the public understanding of science is important in this respect (Reydon et al. 2012).