Hierarchically Structured Composite Fibers for Real Nanoscale Manipulation of Carbon Nanotubes
Hierarchically Structured Composite Fibers for Real Nanoscale Manipulation of Carbon Nanotubes
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层次结构复合纤维用于碳纳米管的真正纳米级操作
DOI：
10.1002/adfm.202009311
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发表时间：
2021-01
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Weiheng Xu;Dharneedar Ravichandran;Sayli Jambhulkar;Yuxiang Zhu;Kenan Song
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weiheng Xu;Dharneedar Ravichandran;Sayli Jambhulkar;Yuxiang Zhu;Kenan Song
碳纳米管（CNT）增强聚合物纤维在电学、热学、光学和智能领域有着广泛的应用。机械坚固纤维的关键是精确控制这些碳纳米管的微观结构，包括它们的位置、分散和方向。本文提出了一种结合干喷湿纺丝和强制组装的新方法，用于可扩展制造由聚丙烯腈（PAN）和CNT/PAN交替层组成的纤维复合材料。每一层的厚度在倍增过程中被控制，分辨率低至纳米尺度。交替层的引入，由于纳米尺度的限制，提高了碳纳米管分散的质量，同时，由于每层界面处产生的剪切应力，提高了碳纳米管的取向。在演示示例中，在0.5 wt%的CNTs负载和170 nm厚层的包裹下，复合纤维表现出明显的力学增强，即与纯PAN纤维相比，模量增加46.4%，强度增加39.5%。除了机械增强外，所提出的制造方法有望在具有复杂结构特征的聚合物纳米复合材料的可扩展制造方面具有巨大的潜力，并具有广泛的应用。
Carbon nanotube (CNT)‐reinforced polymer fibers have broad applications in electrical, thermal, optical, and smart applications. The key for mechanically robust fibers is the precise microstructural control of these CNTs, including their location, dispersion, and orientation. A new methodology is presented here that combines dry‐jet‐wet spinning and forced assembly for scalable fabrication of fiber composites, consisting of alternating layers of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and CNT/PAN. The thickness of each layer is controlled during the multiplication process, with resolutions down to the nanometer scale. The introduction of alternating layers facilitates the quality of CNT dispersion due to nanoscale confinement, and at the same time, enhances their orientation due to shear stress generated at each layer interface. In a demonstration example, with 0.5 wt% CNTs loading and the inclusion of 170 nm thick layers, a composite fiber shows a significant mechanical enhancement, namely, a 46.4% increase in modulus and a 39.5% increase in strength compared to a pure PAN fiber. Beyond mechanical reinforcement, the presented fabrication method is expected to have enormous potential for scalable fabrication of polymer nanocomposites with complex structural features for versatile applications.