Familiarity breeds differentiation: A subjective-likelihood approach to the effects of experience in recognition memory
Familiarity breeds differentiation: A subjective-likelihood approach to the effects of experience in recognition memory
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/0033-295x.105.4.734-760
复制
发表时间：
1998-10-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Chappell, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McClelland, JL;Chappell, M
通过反复接触，人们能够更好地识别所呈现的物品，并更好地拒绝未呈现的物品。这种区分效应是在由项目检测器组成的模型中捕获的，该模型学习项目特征的条件概率的估计。该模型用于解释识别记忆文献中的许多发现，包括（a）基本区分效应（强度镜像效应），（b）将项目添加到列表中会降低识别准确性（列表长度效应），但对某些项目的额外研究不会降低其他项目的识别准确性（空列表强度效应），（c）强化项目对类似干扰项的错误识别的非线性影响，（d）许多不同的 各种镜像效应，(e) 适当的 z-ROC 曲线，以及 (f) 识别实验中表现出的一种偏离最优性的类型。
With repeated exposure, people become better at identifying presented items and better at rejecting items that have not been presented. This differentiation effect is captured in a model consisting of item detectors that learn estimates of conditional probabilities of item features. The model is used to account for a number of findings in the recognition memory literature, including (a) the basic differentiation effect (strength-mirror effect), (b) the fact that adding items to a list reduces recognition accuracy (list-length effect) but extra study of some items does not reduce recognition accuracy for other items (null list-strength effect), (c) nonlinear effects of strengthening items on false recognition of similar distractors, (d) a number of different kinds of mirror effects, (e) appropriate z-ROC curves, and (f) one type of deviation from optimality exhibited in recognition experiments.