Mega Asian dust event over China on 27–31 March 2021 observed with space-borne instruments and ground-based polarization lidar
Mega Asian dust event over China on 27–31 March 2021 observed with space-borne instruments and ground-based polarization lidar
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119238
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Yun He;F. Yi;Zhenping Yin;Fuchao Liu;Yang Yi;Jun Zhou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yun He;F. Yi;Zhenping Yin;Fuchao Liu;Yang Yi;Jun Zhou
在全球气候变化的背景下，极端天气事件的发生频率不断增加。沙源区气候异常和强蒙古气旋共同导致了2021年春季超级沙尘暴的再次发生。3月27日，蒙古东南部发生特大沙尘暴，对中国的空气质量造成重大影响，直至3月31日。然而，预测模型既不能很好地描述强度，也不能很好地描述受影响地区。在此，我们结合星载和地面观测资料报道了这次事件的水平分布、传输路径、消散及其对地面空气质量的影响。谨慎的分析表明，与之前的报告相比，疫情持续时间更长（5天），受影响地区更靠南（北纬25°）。沙尘羽先向华北、东北、渤海、黄海（3月28日）转移，然后分别向东转移至韩国和日本地区，向南转移至中国大陆（3月29日），64个城市pm10值为500 μg m−3。黄海沙尘气溶胶于3月29日回撤至华东沿海地区，导致中国大陆（25-40°N和105-120°E）在3月29 - 31日期间空气质量严重恶化。3月31日，由于湿移及西风带南支增强，该区的沙尘粒子逐渐移走。在中国中部，地基偏振激光雷达比地面pm10观测早26小时（1600lt， 3月27日）。尘埃羽状物呈三层垂直结构。底层与局地人为气溶胶混合，集中了大部分尘粒（bbb100 μg m−3）；上面两个区域由质量浓度较低（<50 μg m−3）的纯粉尘颗粒组成。该研究揭示了空间和地面多种方法综合观测在特大沙尘暴实时监测和沙尘暴预报中的能力。
Under the background of global climate change, the frequency of extreme weather events is ever-increasing. Climatic anomaly in dust source areas and intensive Mongolian cyclones jointly cause the reoccurrence of super dust storms in spring 2021. A mega dust storm broke out in southeast Mongolia on 27 March and significantly impacted air quality in China until 31 March. However, neither intensity nor affected areas are well depicted by the forecasting model. Here we report the horizontal distribution, transport path, dissipation, and influence on surface air quality of this event with the combination of space-borne and ground-based observations. Prudent analysis indicates a longer duration (5 days) and farther-south affected areas (25°N) than the previous report. Dust plumes were first transported to North and Northeast China, the Bohai Sea, and the Yellow Sea (28 March), and then respectively moved eastward to Korea-Japan regions and southward over mainland China (29 March), with PM10values > 500 μg m−3in 64 cities. Dust aerosols over the Yellow Sea retraced to the coastal areas of East China on 29 March, resulting in severe degradation of air quality over mainland China (25–40°N and 105–120°E) during 29–31 March. On 31 March, dust particles in this region were gradually removed, attributed to the wet removal and the enhanced south branch of westerlies. In central China, ground-based polarization lidar observed dust ∼26 h earlier (1600 LT, 27 March) than surface PM10measurements. The dust plume showed a triple-layer vertical structure. The bottom layer mixed with local anthropogenic aerosols, concentrating most dust particles (>100 μg m−3); the upper two were composed of pure dust particles with lower mass concentration (<50 μg m−3). This study reveals the capacity of comprehensive observations with multiple approaches from both space and ground in real-time monitoring of mega dust storms and validating the sand storm forecasting.