The risk of pedestrian collisions with peripheral visual field loss.
The risk of pedestrian collisions with peripheral visual field loss.
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DOI：
10.1167/16.15.5
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Goldstein RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peli E;Apfelbaum H;Berson EL;Goldstein RB
周围视野丧失的患者抱怨在购物中心等开放空间环境中与其他行人发生碰撞。视场扩展装置（如棱镜）可以制造人造的外围视觉岛。我们通过将碰撞风险密度建模为行人相对于患者的承载角度的函数，研究了这些岛屿最有效避免行人碰撞的视角。假设所有可能位置的行人在合理的步行速度范围内以相同的概率向各个方向移动。风险密度具有高度的各向异性。它在离心率≈45°时达到峰值。增加行人速度范围将风险转移到更高的偏心率。风险密度与碰撞时间无关。将模型结果与42例色素性视网膜炎患者的双眼残余外周岛位置进行比较。自然残岛流行率在鼻部也达到45°左右的峰值，但暂时在75°左右。这种不对称导致了双眼视野的互补覆盖。自然剩余双眼岛偏心率似乎与碰撞风险密度函数很好地匹配，优化了对其他步行行人（鼻）和更快危险（时间）的检测。如果能在偏心率约45°的位置制造人造外围岛，那么场扩展棱镜装置将是最有效的。碰撞风险和残留岛的发现提出了关于正常视觉发育的有趣问题。
Patients with peripheral field loss complain of colliding with other pedestrians in open-space environments such as shopping malls. Field expansion devices (e.g., prisms) can create artificial peripheral islands of vision. We investigated the visual angle at which these islands can be most effective for avoiding pedestrian collisions, by modeling the collision risk density as a function of bearing angle of pedestrians relative to the patient. Pedestrians at all possible locations were assumed to be moving in all directions with equal probability within a reasonable range of walking speeds. The risk density was found to be highly anisotropic. It peaked at ≈45° eccentricity. Increasing pedestrian speed range shifted the risk to higher eccentricities. The risk density is independent of time to collision. The model results were compared to the binocular residual peripheral island locations of 42 patients with forms of retinitis pigmentosa. The natural residual island prevalence also peaked nasally at about 45° but temporally at about 75°. This asymmetry resulted in a complementary coverage of the binocular field of view. Natural residual binocular island eccentricities seem well matched to the collision-risk density function, optimizing detection of other walking pedestrians (nasally) and of faster hazards (temporally). Field expansion prism devices will be most effective if they can create artificial peripheral islands at about 45° eccentricities. The collision risk and residual island findings raise interesting questions about normal visual development.
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影响因子：
3
作者：
Apfelbaum, Henry;Peli, Eli
通讯作者：
Peli, Eli
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
ARDITI, A
通讯作者：
ARDITI, A
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
FISHMAN, GA;ANDERSON, RJ;HAQUE, A
通讯作者：
HAQUE, A
影响因子：
1.1
作者：
Geruschat, DR;Turano, KA
通讯作者：
Turano, KA
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Haymes, SA;Johnston, AW;Heyes, AD
通讯作者：
Heyes, AD