Do gender and racial/ethnic disparities in sleep duration emerge in early adulthood? Evidence from a longitudinal study of U.S. adults.
Do gender and racial/ethnic disparities in sleep duration emerge in early adulthood? Evidence from a longitudinal study of U.S. adults.
复制标题
睡眠持续时间的性别和种族/民族差异是否在成年早期出现？
DOI：
10.1016/j.sleep.2017.03.031
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Brown,LaurenL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Walsemann,KatrinaM;Ailshire,JenniferA;Fisk,CalleyE;Brown,LaurenL
目的在美国成年人群中，睡眠时间的性别和种族/民族差异是有充分记录的，但我们对这些差异是如何在成年早期形成的知之甚少，这一时期标志着社会角色的重大变化，这可能会影响睡眠时间。方法采用1997年全国青年纵向调查(NLSY97)的前瞻性数据，NLSY97是美国1980年至1984年出生的代表性样本，于1997年首次接受采访。睡眠持续时间在2002年、2007/2008、2009、2010和2011年进行了评估。随机系数模型被估计来检验性别和种族/民族在成年早期睡眠时间轨迹上的差异，作为教育经历、就业和家庭关系的函数。结果在成年早期睡眠时间减少。从18岁到22岁，女性的睡眠时间比男性短，但到28岁时，女性的睡眠时间比男性长。黑人青年报告的睡眠持续时间与白人青年相似，直到24岁，之后黑人睡得比白人少。教育经历和就业特征减少了性别和种族/民族差异，但家庭关系加剧了性别和种族/民族差异。结论本研究首次确立了成年早期睡眠时间的性别和种族/民族差异。
ObjectiveGender and racial/ethnic disparities in sleep duration are well documented among the U.S. adult population, but we know little about how these disparities are shaped during the early course of adult life, a period marked by substantial changes in social roles that can influence time for sleep.MethodsProspective data was used from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97), a U.S.-based representative sample of persons born between 1980 and 1984, who were first interviewed in 1997. Sleep duration was assessed in 2002, 2007/2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011. Random-coefficient models were estimated to examine gender and racial/ethnic disparities in trajectories of sleep duration across early adulthood as a function of educational experiences, employment, and family relationships.ResultsSleep duration declined during early adulthood. Women reported shorter sleep than men from age 18 to 22, but slept longer than men by age 28. Black Young adults reported sleep durations similar to those of White young adults until age 24, after which blacks slept less than whites. Educational experiences and employment characteristics reduced gender and racial/ethnic disparities, but family relationships exacerbated them.ConclusionThis study is the first to establish the emergence of gender and racial/ethnic disparities in sleep duration during early adulthood.