The Neuroinflammatory Response to Nanopatterning Parallel Grooves into the Surface Structure of Intracortical Microelectrodes
The Neuroinflammatory Response to Nanopatterning Parallel Grooves into the Surface Structure of Intracortical Microelectrodes
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DOI：
10.1002/adfm.201704420
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发表时间：
2018-03-21
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Capadona, Jeffrey R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ereifej, Evon S.;Smith, Cara S.;Capadona, Jeffrey R.
在纳米尺度的脑组织结构中植入的皮质内微电极的光滑表面结构可能有助于异物反应。在这里，神经炎症反应的纳米图案表面凹槽蚀刻直接在无功能的密歇根式微电极进行了探讨。将植入纳米硅微电极的大鼠与光滑对照植入物进行比较，观察凹槽对神经炎症的影响。移植后2周和4周的组织学和实时荧光定量PCR可量化胶质细胞的反应性和活化、炎症、氧化应激和神经元存活。神经胶质细胞和血脑屏障通透性的组织学观察显示纳米图案和对照植入物之间没有明显差异。然而，与对照表面相比，具有纳米图案凹槽的硅微电极在2周时具有更高的迁移率组盒1 （HMGB1）基因表达，在4周时具有更低的一氧化氮合酶（NOS2）基因表达。对照样品在2 - 4周内NOS2、HMGB1和肿瘤坏死因子基因表达增加，而纳米图案植入物在2 - 4周内CD14基因表达明显降低。总的来说，结果表明，与对照植入物相比，蚀刻纳米图案凹槽不会减少神经炎症的组织学标记，但基因表达结果鼓励进一步研究。
The smooth surface structure of intracortical microelectrodes implanted within the nanometer-scale architecture of brain tissue may contribute to the foreign body response. Here, the neuroinflammatory response to nanopatterning surface grooves etched directly on nonfunctional Michigan-style microelectrodes is explored. Rats implanted with nanopatterned silicon microelectrodes are compared to smooth control implants to observe the effects the grooves have on neuroinflammation. Histology and real-time PCR at 2 and 4 weeks postimplantation quantify glial cell reactivity and activation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal survival. Histological observations of glial cells and blood-brain barrier permeability do not show appreciable differences between the nanopatterned and control implants. However, silicon microelectrodes with nanopatterned grooves have more high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) gene expression at 2 weeks and less nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) gene expression at 4 weeks compared to control surfaces. Control samples have increased NOS2, HMGB1, and tumor necrosis factor gene expression from 2 to 4 weeks, while nanopatterned implants have significant decrease in CD14 gene expression from 2 to 4 weeks. Collectively the results indicate that etching nanopatterned grooves do not reduce histological markers of neuroinflammation compared to control implants, but gene expression results encourage further investigation.