Measuring the accessibility of critical facilities in the presence of hurricane-related roadway closures and an approach for predicting future roadway disruptions
Measuring the accessibility of critical facilities in the presence of hurricane-related roadway closures and an approach for predicting future roadway disruptions
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DOI：
10.1007/s11069-018-3507-5
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Arghandeh, Reza
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kocatepe, Ayberk;Ulak, Mehmet Baran;Arghandeh, Reza
道路关闭会扩大灾害对人们的不利影响，因为任何类型的道路中断都会增加应急旅行时间，而这对受灾民众的安全和生存至关重要。特别是在佛罗里达州，飓风造成的大风，如飓风赫敏，导致显着的道路中断和关闭，迫使特别注意。因此，在本文中，紧急响应设施，如警察局，消防站和医院在塔拉哈西市，佛罗里达的首都，广泛研究了使用真实生活中的数据在飓风Hermine期间道路关闭。提出了一个新的衡量标准，即可达性下降指数，该指数衡量在Hermine等飓风之前和之后ERTT的变化。结果清楚地显示，在Hermine袭击塔拉哈西后的1周窗口内，应急设施的可达性和道路的中断风险降低了。市政府官员可以确定这些关键地点，以便将来进行改进，并确定那些由于飓风的影响而有中断风险的关键道路。这些信息可用于改善道路基础设施和为公众提供替代路线，从而改进应急响应计划。
Roadway closures magnify the adverse effects of disasters on people since any type of such disruption increases the emergency response travel time (ERTT), which is of central importance for the safety and survival of the affected people. Especially in the State of Florida, high winds due to hurricanes, such as the Hurricane Hermine, lead to notable roadway disruptions and closures that compel special attention. As such, in this paper, the accessibility of emergency response facilities, such as police stations, fire stations and hospitals in the City of Tallahassee, the capital of Florida, was extensively studied using real-life data on roadway closures during Hurricane Hermine. A new metric, namely Accessibility Decrease Index, was proposed, which measures the change in ERTT before and in the aftermath of a hurricane such as Hermine. Results clearly show those regions with reduced emergency response facility accessibility and roadways under a disruption risk in the 1-week window after Hermine hit Tallahassee. City officials can pinpoint these critical locations for future improvements and identify those critical roadways, which are under a risk of disruption due to the impact of the hurricane. This information can be utilized to improve emergency response plans by improving the roadway infrastructure and providing alternative routes to public.