Conservation Agriculture Practices in Salt-Affected, Irrigated Areas of Central Asia: Crop Price and Input Cost Variability Effect on Revenue Risks
Conservation Agriculture Practices in Salt-Affected, Irrigated Areas of Central Asia: Crop Price and Input Cost Variability Effect on Revenue Risks
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DOI：
10.5539/sar.v4n2p1
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Boboev Hasan;Y. Higano;H. Yabar;M. Devkota;J. Lamers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Boboev Hasan;Y. Higano;H. Yabar;M. Devkota;J. Lamers
中亚乌兹别克斯坦受盐分影响的灌溉农田的严重土地退化、土壤盐碱化和生产成本增加对可持续农业造成的威胁既具有挑战性，又十分紧迫。介绍了当前小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)和玉米(Zea Mays L.)，但特别是作为苏联时期(1924-1991年)主要作物的棉花(Gossypium hirsutom L.)，需要考虑改进的、技术上可行的和经济上可行的做法来加以改变。因此，对三种创新轮作制度的经济效益进行了评估，并与传统耕作(CT)做法进行了比较。所有的种植系统都采用带作物残体覆盖的床上种植(BP)，包括棉花覆盖作物-棉花、棉花-小麦和棉花-小麦-玉米。风险评估以商品价格为基础，包括国家采购价格和自由市场价格，但也包括可变生产和投入成本。线性数学优化模型被用来生成各种仿真。财务收益(以美元表示)是以2009年投入成本和产品价格为基础的。研究结果表明，以保护性农业(CA)为基础的耕作措施可以显著提高经济效益，特别是在适应的早期阶段，只要辅之以适当的农业措施和谨慎的农场管理。
The threats to sustainable agriculture caused by severe land degradation, high soil salinity, and increased production costs on salt-affected, irrigated croplands of Uzbekistan, Central Asia, are both challenging and urgent. The present wide-spread cultivation practices of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.), but in particular cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), which was the predominant crop during the Soviet Union period (1924-1991) need to be altered by considering improved, technically feasible and economically viable practices. Therefore, the economic performance of three innovative crop rotation systems have been assessed and compared to Conventional Tillage (CT) practices. The cropping systems were all exposed to Bed Planting (BP) with a crop residue cover and included cotton-cover crop-cotton, cotton-wheat, and cotton-wheat-maize. Risk assessment was based on commodity prices and included State Procurement Price (SPP) and free Market Price (MP), but also variable production and input costs. A linear mathematic optimization model was employed to generate various simulations. Financial benefits (expressed in US dollars) were based on 2009 input costs and product prices. The findings revealed that Conservation Agriculture (CA)-based practices applied to the cropping systems could substantially increase economic returns especially in the early stages of adaption, provided they are flanked with appropriate agricultural practices and careful farm managements.