Male Sterility in Potatoes, a dominant Mendelian character; with Remarks on the Shape of the Pollen in Wild and Domestic Varieties.
Male Sterility in Potatoes, a dominant Mendelian character; with Remarks on the Shape of the Pollen in Wild and Domestic Varieties.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8339.1910.tb02481.x
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发表时间：
1910-10
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
R. Salaman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Salaman
达尔文（Darwin）在考虑不育性的起源时，描述了一种花药的情况，这种情况在嘉鱼目、百合目和杜鹃花科中并不少见。在这种情况下，蚂蚁或多或少是干瘪的或流产的，不含花粉。达尔文将这种情况命名为“衰老”，他描述了它是如何通过“层”、“插条”等传播的，CF Gartner t首先观察到这种情况，并认为这是由于物种变得雌雄异株的内在趋势;他还描述了雌性器官中突然出现的不育。贝特森在甜豌豆中观察到同样的现象，并发现它与某些家族中的彩色腋有关，并且对可育花药隐性。我研究马铃薯颜色和其他性状的遗传已有一段时间了，我遇到了衰老现象，并且能够证明衰老是马铃薯的一个显性遗传性状。在这种情况和任何其他特征之间没有明确的联系;但是到目前为止，我还没有遇到过一种苍白的天芥菜型马铃薯花，比如在“最新”中看到的，在花药中携带花粉，而且，此外，我所能分析的这种天芥菜型花就“不育性”而言总是杂合子。这种不育类型的优势和分离的证据如下：
DARWIN*, in considering the origin of sterility, describes a condition of anther not uncommonly found amongst the Caryophyllaces, Liliaces, and Ericaces. The ant, httr in this condition is more or less shrivelled up or aborted and contains no pollen. Darwin gave the condition the name “contabescence,” and he described how it might be propagated by ‘(layers,”‘‘cuttings,” etc., and even perhaps by seed.CF Gartner t first observed the condition and considered it due to an inherent tendency in the species to become dicecious; he also describes the sudden appearance of sterility in the female organs. Bateson $ observed the same phenomenon in the Sweet Pea, and found it was associated with coloured axils in certain families and was recessive to fertile anthers. Working for some time on the heredity of colour and other characters in Potatoes, I have met the phenomenon of contabescence and have been able to show that it is in the Potato a dominant hereditary character. No association has been clearly established between this condition and any other feature; but so far I have not met with a pale heliotrope potato-flower, such as seen in ‘‘Up-to-date,” that bears pollen in its anthers, and, further, such heliotrope flowers as I have been able to analyse have been always heterozygotes as regards “sterility.” The evidence for the dominance and segregation of this type of sterility is as follows:--