Cultural and experiential differences in the development of folkbiological induction
Cultural and experiential differences in the development of folkbiological induction
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0885-2014(02)00142-9
复制
发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Atran, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ross, N;Medin, D;Atran, S
凯里(1985)关于概念变化的书，以及伴随而来的关于儿童生物学最初是根据幼稚心理学来组织的论点，引发了大量的研究和辩论。然而，这项关于儿童生物学的研究几乎完全基于美国或其他工业化国家的城市文化儿童。民间生物学知识的发展可能取决于文化和经验背景。如果是这样的话，城市大多数文化的孩子可能会被证明是例外，而不是规则，因为动植物在他们的日常生活中并没有扮演重要的角色。城市多数派文化儿童、农村多数派文化儿童和农村美洲原住民(Menominee)儿童被布置了一项基于Carey原始范式的财产投影任务。每个小组都产生了独特的发展概况。只有城市儿童表现出早期人类中心主义的证据，这表明心理学和生物学的共同融合可能是与自然的贫困经历的产物。与城市大多数文化相比，即使是最小的农村儿童，在生物亲和力方面也是概括性的。此外，所有年龄段的美洲原住民儿童和年龄较大的农村多数派文化儿童(与城市儿童不同)都为生态推理提供了明确的证据。这些结果表明，文化和专业知识(接触自然)在民间生物学思想的发展中都起着作用。(C)2002 Elsevier Science Inc.保留所有权利。
Carey's (1985) book on conceptual change and the accompanying argument that children's biology initially is organized in terms of naive psychology has sparked a great detail of research and debate. This body of research on children's biology has, however, been almost exclusively been based on urban, majority culture children in the US or in other industrialized nations. The development of folkbiological knowledge may depend on cultural and experiential background. If this is the case, then urban majority culture children may prove to be the exception rather than the rule, because plants and animals do not play a significant role in their everyday life. Urban majority culture children, rural majority culture children, and rural Native American (Menominee) children were given a property projection task based on Carey's original paradigm. Each group produced a unique profile of development. Only urban children showed evidence for early anthropocentrism, suggesting that the co-mingling of psychology and biology may be a product of an impoverished experience with nature. In comparison to urban majority culture children even the youngest rural children generalized in terms of biological affinity. In addition, all ages of Native American children and the older rural majority culture children (unlike urban children) gave clear evidence of ecological reasoning. These results show that both culture and expertise (exposure to nature) play a role in the development of folkbiological thought. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.