Effects of plant growth regulators on callus formation, growth and regeneration in axenic tissue cultures of Gracilaria tenuistipitata and Gracilaria perplexa (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta)
Effects of plant growth regulators on callus formation, growth and regeneration in axenic tissue cultures of Gracilaria tenuistipitata and Gracilaria perplexa (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta)
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植物生长调节剂对江蓠和龙须菜（江蓠目，红藻门）无菌组织培养物愈伤组织形成、生长和再生的影响
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
A. E. Luchi
中科院分区：
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作者：
N. Yokoya;J. West;A. E. Luchi
报道了生长素和细胞分裂素对江蓠（Gracilaria tenuistipitata Chang et Xia）和G. perplexa Byrne et Zuccarello愈伤组织形成、生长和再生的影响。在ASP 12‐NTA固体培养基（0.7%琼脂）中加入浓度为0.1 ~ 100.0 μmol的吲哚‐3乙酸、2,4‐二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4‐D）和kinetin (K)的植物生长调节剂（PGR），接种5 mm长的根茎段和茎间段作为初始外植体。2、4 μmol （1.0 μmol）和10 μmol （10.0 μmol）分别对藤茎尖段和藤茎间段的生长速率有一定的促进作用。本文首次报道了红藻组织培养中同时形成顶端、基部和中间愈伤组织的现象。对于藤茎间段，在大多数处理中，基部愈伤组织诱导率高于顶端和中间愈伤组织，生长素对所有类型愈伤组织的形成都有促进作用。结果表明，1.0 μmol K能促进青花根尖部的中间愈伤组织形成，吲哚- 3 -乙酸（1.0 ~ 10.0 μmol）、2,4 - D （10.0 ~ 100.0 μmol）和K （0.1 μmol）均能促进青花根尖部的愈伤组织形成。含花花萼间段的愈伤组织发育仅为中间愈伤组织，且多数PGR处理的愈伤组织发育率高于根茎处理。根尖愈伤组织的再生潜力（由愈伤组织细胞产生的不定植株的发育）高于根间节发育的基部和中间愈伤组织。生长素和细胞分裂素是诱导中间愈伤组织再生所必需的，而特定浓度对基部和顶部愈伤组织的再生有促进作用。愈伤组织从固体培养基转移到液体培养基后，愈伤组织才能再生，且多数PGR处理具有刺激作用。龙葵再生植株发育四孢子体，释放四孢子，产生成体配子体。研究结果表明，生长素和细胞分裂素在黄貂鱼和黄貂鱼的生长和形态发生中具有调控作用，两种植物表现出的响应多样性与特定的发育系统有关。
The effects of auxins and cytokinin on callus formation, growth and regeneration of Gracilaria tenuistipitata Chang et Xia and G. perplexa Byrne et Zuccarello (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta) are reported. Plant growth regulators (PGR) in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 100.0 μmol of indole‐3‐acetic acid, 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D), and kinetin (K) were added to the ASP 12‐NTA solid medium (0.7% agar), and apical and intercalary segments (5 mm long) were inoculated as initial explants. K stimulated growth rates of intercalary segments of G. tenuistipitata in a linear relation, and 2,4‐D (1.0 μmol) and K (10.0 μmol) stimulated growth rates of apical and intercalary segments of G. perplexa, respectively. The simultaneous formation of apical, basal, and intermediate calluses is reported for the first time in axenic tissue cultures of red algae. With intercalary segments of G. tenuistipitata, basal callus induction rates were higher than those of apical and intermediate calluses in the majority of treatments, and auxins had stimulatory effects on the formation of all callus types. In apical segments of G. perplexa, intermediate callus formation was stimulated only by treatment with 1.0 μmol of K, while apical callus formation was stimulated by indole‐3‐acetic acid (1.0–10.0 μmol), 2,4‐D (10.0–100.0 μmol), or K (0.1 μmol). Intercalary segments of G. perplexa developed only intermediate calluses, and the majority of treatments with PGR stimulated higher rates than those presented by apical segments. Potential for regeneration (development of adventitious plantlets originated from callus cells) was higher in apical calluses than in basal and intermediate calluses developed in intercalary segments of G. tenuistipitata. Moreover, auxins and cytokinin were essential to the induction of regeneration in intermediate calluses, while specific concentrations stimulated regeneration from basal and apical calluses. Plant regeneration in G. perplexa was observed only after transferring calluses from solid to liquid medium, and the majority of treatments with PGR had stimulatory effects. Regenerating plants of G. perplexa developed tetrasporangia, and released tetraspores giving rise to adult gametophytes. Our results indicate that auxins and cytokinin have a regulatory role in the growth and morphogenesis in G. tenuistipitata and G. perplexa, and diversity of responses presented by both species is related to specific developmental systems.