Salmonella typhi infections in the United States, 1975-1984: increasing role of foreign travel.
Salmonella typhi infections in the United States, 1975-1984: increasing role of foreign travel.
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1975-1984 年美国伤寒沙门氏菌感染：出国旅行的作用日益增强。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Paul A. Blake
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Ryan;Nancy Hargrett;Paul A. Blake
为了探讨在美国伤寒流行病学的变化，病例报告的发病率和死亡率周报（MMWR）和伤寒病例报告表提交的州和地方政府进行审查。美国伤寒的发病率从1955年的每10万人1例下降到1966年的每10万人0.2例，此后一直保持相当稳定。对1975年至1984年期间发生的2,666例急性伤寒病例的病例报告表进行审查后发现，62%是输入性的，而1967年至1972年期间只有33%。输入性病例的比例继续上升，1984年达到69%。1975-1984年病例的主要来源是墨西哥（39%）和印度（14%）。病死率为1.3%。抗生素耐药性是一个小问题，大规模爆发是不寻常的。美国伤寒发病率的进一步下降可能必须等待一种有效的疫苗的出现，这种疫苗对旅行者的不良影响最小。
To explore changes in the epidemiology of typhoid fever in the United States, cases reported to the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) and typhoid case report forms submitted by state and local governments are reviewed. The incidence of typhoid fever in the United States fell from one case per 100,000 population in 1955 to 0.2 cases per 100,000 in 1966 and has since remained fairly stable. Review of case report forms for 2,666 cases of acute typhoid fever that occurred between 1975 and 1984 showed that 62% were imported, in contrast to only 33% during 1967-1972. The proportion of cases imported has continued to rise, reaching 69% in 1984. The major sources of the 1975-1984 cases were Mexico (39%) and India (14%). The case-fatality rate was 1.3%. Antimicrobial resistance was a minor problem, and large outbreaks were unusual. Further decline in the incidence of typhoid fever in the United States probably must await the advent of an effective vaccine with minimal adverse effects for use by travelers.