Adult snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, display body-wide exoskeletal resistance to the effects of long-term ocean acidification
Adult snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio, display body-wide exoskeletal resistance to the effects of long-term ocean acidification
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DOI：
10.1007/s00227-023-04209-0
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发表时间：
2023-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Dickinson, Gary H. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Algayer, Tait;Mahmoud, Ahmed;Dickinson, Gary H. H.
十足目动物外骨骼的结构和机械特性影响觅食、防御和运动。海洋酸化对海洋生物群落及其居民，特别是钙化生物构成威胁。脆弱性的雪蟹，Chionecalypopilio，一个商业上重要的，高纬度的物种，OA尚未进行探讨。虽然所有海洋都在经历酸化，但高纬度地区的非生物因素加快了酸化速度。我们研究了长期（2年）暴露于降低的海水pH值（7.8和7.5，P-CO2分别类似于760和1550 μ atm）对终末蜕皮后雌性C的外骨骼特性的影响。奥皮里奥由于OA的影响在十足类动物的身体区域之间变化，外骨骼特性（显微硬度，厚度和元素组成）在五个身体区域进行了测量：甲壳，两个爪子，和两个第三步行腿。成人C。opilio外骨骼在所有身体区域对OA都是稳健的。降低pH值没有影响的显微硬度或厚度的外骨骼，尽管轻微（类似于6%）的钙含量在蟹举行的pH值7.5的减少。相比之下，外骨骼的属性显着不同的身体区域，无论pH值。外骨骼的爪子更硬，更厚，含有更多的钙，但镁比其他身体区域。腿的外骨骼比身体其他部位的外骨骼薄，并且含有显著更高的镁浓度（类似于爪子的2.5倍）。在长期OA暴露后，至少在pH 7.5下，成年C. opilio认为，野生种群可能会容忍未来的海洋pH值条件。
Structural and mechanical properties of the decapod exoskeleton affect foraging, defense, and locomotion. Ocean acidification (OA) poses a threat to marine biomes and their inhabitants, particularly calcifying organisms. Vulnerability of the snow crab, Chionecetes opilio, a commercially important, high-latitude species, to OA has not been explored. Although all oceans are experiencing acidification, abiotic factors in high-latitude areas increase the rate of acidification. We examined the effect of long-term (2 year) exposure to decreased seawater pH (7.8 and 7.5, P-CO2 similar to 760 and 1550 mu atm, respectively) on exoskeletal properties in post-terminal-molt female C. opilio. Since the effects of OA vary among body regions in decapods, exoskeletal properties (microhardness, thickness, and elemental composition) were measured in five body regions: the carapace, both claws, and both third walking legs. Overall, adult C. opilio exoskeletons were robust to OA in all body regions. Decreased pH had no effect on microhardness or thickness of the exoskeleton, despite a slight (similar to 6%) reduction in calcium content in crabs held at pH 7.5. In contrast, exoskeletal properties varied dramatically among body regions regardless of pH. The exoskeleton of the claws was harder, thicker, and contained more calcium but less magnesium than that of other body regions. Exoskeleton of the legs was thinner than that of other body regions and contained significantly greater magnesium concentrations (similar to 2.5 times higher than the claws). Maintenance of exoskeletal properties after long-term OA exposure, at least down to pH 7.5, in adult C. opilio suggests that wild populations may tolerate future ocean pH conditions.