Prevention of Haemophilus influenzae type b infections in Apache and Navajo children.
Prevention of Haemophilus influenzae type b infections in Apache and Navajo children.
复制标题
预防阿帕奇和纳瓦霍儿童的 b 型流感嗜血杆菌感染。
DOI：
10.1093/infdis/165-supplement_1-s144
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发表时间：
1992
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Siber,GR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Santosham,M;Rivin,B;Wolff,M;Reid,R;Newcomer,W;Letson,GW;Almeido-Hill,J;Thompson,C;Siber,GR
自1981年以来，在白山阿帕奇人和纳瓦霍人这两个高危人群中进行了b型流感嗜血杆菌(Hib)疾病的前瞻性监测。5岁儿童的发病率是美国普通人群的5-10倍。对三种疫苗进行了评估。在18个月和24个月大的阿帕奇婴儿中，未结合的Hib胶囊多糖产生的抗体反应低于白人婴儿。HBOC(与无毒突变白喉毒素CRM197共价连接的Hib寡糖)在纳瓦霍婴儿中一剂或两剂后产生低抗体反应，但在三剂后引起的反应与白人相似。18个月大的纳瓦霍人对HBOC的反应低于白人，但大多数人达到了保护水平。PRP-OMP(与脑膜炎奈瑟菌外膜蛋白复合体相连的Hib囊膜多糖)在2个月大的纳瓦霍和阿帕奇婴儿中单次给药后产生良好的免疫应答。当纳瓦霍婴儿在2个月和4个月大时接种这种疫苗时，该疫苗在保护纳瓦霍婴儿免受Hib病方面有效率为90%。即使是单剂也能达到很高的保护效果。
Prospective surveillance ofHaemophilus influenzaetype b (Hib) disease has been done since 1981 in two high-risk populations, White Mountain Apaches and Navajos. The attack rate in children <5 years of age is 5–10 times higher than in the general US population. Three vaccines were evaluated. Unconjugated Hib capsular polysaccharide produced lower antibody responses in 18- and 24-month-old Apache infants than in white infants. HbOC (Hib oligosaccharide covalently linked to the nontoxic mutant diphtheria toxin CRM197) produced low antibody responses in Navajo infants after one or two doses but induced responses similar to those in whites after three doses. The responses of 18-month-old Navajos to HbOC were lower than those of whites, but most achieved protective levels. PRP-OMP (Hib capsular polysaccharide linked to the outer membrane protein complex ofNeisseria meningitidis) produced good immune responses in 2-month-old Navajo and Apache infants after a single dose. This vaccine was >90% efficacious in protecting Navajo infants from Hib disease when given at 2 and 4 months of age. Even a single dose achieved a high protective efficacy.