Stress-induced declarative memory impairment healthy elderly subjects: Relationship to cortisol reactivity
Stress-induced declarative memory impairment healthy elderly subjects: Relationship to cortisol reactivity
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DOI：
10.1210/jc.82.7.2070
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发表时间：
1997-07-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Meaney, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lupien, SJ;Gaudreau, S;Meaney, MJ
一组14名健康的老年受试者提交了一个nonstressful（注意力任务）和一个紧张的（公开演讲任务）的条件。陈述性（有意识地回忆学习信息）和非陈述性（检索信息没有意识或明确的访问）的记忆以及唾液皮质醇水平进行了测量之前和之后的每一个条件。结果表明，应激条件下陈述性记忆成绩显著下降，而非应激条件下没有。非陈述性记忆的表现不受这两种情况的影响。进一步的分析分离的主题为响应者和非响应者在压力引起的皮质醇变化显示了一个非常不同的模式，皮质醇分泌和陈述性记忆表现在两个人群。我们发现，反应者在实际压力源出现前60分钟皮质醇水平升高，而无反应者在实际压力源出现前25分钟皮质醇水平升高。虽然响应者没有不同的陈述性记忆性能的非应激条件之前和之后，他们提出了一个较低的陈述性记忆性能时，测量之前和之后的应激条件。在反应组中观察到的皮质醇水平的早期增加表明，对压力的预期，而不是实际的压力源本身，可能在这个亚组中观察到的压力诱导的陈述性记忆缺陷中发挥了更重要的作用。总之，这些结果表明，皮质醇对预期压力和/或老年人压力的反应特别影响那些依赖于海马活动的记忆功能。他们还表明，皮质醇对急性和/或慢性压力的反应性改变，对记忆力产生不利影响，可能是解释老年人记忆缺陷起源的一个重要因素。
A group of 14 healthy elderly subjects was submitted to a nonstressful (attentional task) and a stressful (public speaking task) condition. Declarative (conscious recollection of learned information) and nondeclarative (retrieved information without conscious or explicit access) memory as well as salivary cortisol levels were measured before and after each condition. The results showed that the stressful condition significantly decreased declarative memory performance, whereas the nonstressful condition did not. Nondeclarative memory performance was not affected by either condition. Further analyses separating the subjects into responders and nonresponders in terms of stress-induced cortisol change revealed a very different pattern of cortisol secretion and declarative memory performance in both populations. We showed that the responders presented increased cortisol levels 60 min before the actual stressor, whereas the nonresponders presented increased cortisol levels 25 min before the actual stressor. Although the responders did not differ from the nonresponders in declarative memory performance before and after the nonstressful condition, they presented a lower declarative memory performance when measured before and after the stressful condition. The early increase in cortisol levels observed in the responder group suggests that the anticipation of the stress, rather than the actual stressor per se, may have played a more significant role in the stress-induced declarative memory deficits observed in this subgroup. Together, these results show that the cortisol response to anticipation of stress and/or to stress in the elderly specifically affects those memory functions that are dependent on hippocampal activity. They also suggest that an altered cortisol responsivity to acute and/or chronic stress, with its detrimental effects on memory, could be an important factor explaining the genesis of memory deficits in aged populations.