Size Distribution and Source Apportionment of Airborne Metallic Elements in Nanjing, China
Size Distribution and Source Apportionment of Airborne Metallic Elements in Nanjing, China
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南京地区空气中金属元素的粒径分布及来源解析
DOI：
10.4209/aaqr.2012.11.0332
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发表时间：
2013-12-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Lian, Hongzhen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu, Xin;Ding, Zhuhong;Lian, Hongzhen
为了研究南京市传统中心区和郊区1年的大气颗粒物（TSP、PM2.5和粒径分离的气溶胶颗粒）的时空变化特征及相关大气要素的大小分布。采用多元统计分析方法对PM2.5中空气元素的来源进行识别。TSP的年质量浓度范围为49.4µg/ m3 ~ 391µg/ m3，平均值为135µg/ m3； PM2.5的年质量浓度范围为20.4µg/ m3 ~ 200µg/ m3，平均值为80.5µg/ m3。年粒径分离气溶胶粒子的分布表现为粗粒和细粒的双峰型。观测了大气颗粒物元素组成的空间和季节变化。主要元素A1、Ca、Fe、Mg、Na、Mn主要分布在粗馏分中，有毒元素as、Cd、Pb、Zn显著富集于细馏分中。富集因子反映了TSP和PM2.5中As、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn的人为输入。通过主成分分析确定了PM2.5的4个潜在来源。使用绝对主成分得分计算的源贡献为第一个成分为37.5%，第二个成分为34.1%，第三个成分为9.0%，第四个成分为19.8%。主成分分析鉴定的Na/Cr/Cu组分采用PM2.5 R-mode聚类分析分为Na/Cr和Cu组，第四组分中的Ti归属于聚类2，表明空气中金属元素存在统计学差异。在这项工作中进行的元素组成、大小分布和来源分配的调查结果可以帮助更好地了解和管理这些气溶胶对健康和空气质量的影响。
In order to investigate the temporal and spatial variations and the size distribution of atmospheric particulate matter and associated airborne elements, atmospheric particulate matter (TSP, PM2.5 and size-segregated aerosol particles) were collected monthly for one year from the traditional central district and suburbs of Nanjing, China. Source identification of airborne elements in PM2.5 was carried out using multivariate statistical analysis. The annual mass concentrations ranged from 49.4 µg/m 3 to 391 µg/m 3 , with a mean of 135 µg/m 3 for TSP and from 20.4 µg/m 3 to 200 µg/m 3 with a mean of 80.5 µg/m 3 for PM2.5. The distribution of annual size-segregated aerosol particles showed a bimodal pattern of coarse and fine particle fractions. Spatial and seasonal variations of elemental composition in atmospheric particulates were observed. The major elements (A1, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na and Mn) were mainly distributed in coarse fractions, while toxic elements, such as As, Cd, Pb and Zn, were significantly enriched in the fine fractions. The enrichment factor indicated anthropogenic inputs of As, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the TSP and PM2.5 examined in this work. Four potential sources for PM2.5 were identified by principal component analysis. The source contributions calculated using absolute principal component scores were 37.5% for the first component, 34.1% for the second, 9.0% for the third and 19.8% for the fourth. The Na/Cr/Cu component identified by principal component analysis was divided into Na/Cr and Cu groups using R-mode cluster analysis of PM2.5, and the Ti in the fourth component was assigned to Cluster 2, indicating a statistical difference in airborne metallic elements. The results of the investigation of element composition, size distribution, and source apportionment carried out in this work can help to better understand and manage the effects of these aerosols on health and air quality.