BIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY OF HUMAN STRONGYLOIDIASIS
BIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY OF HUMAN STRONGYLOIDIASIS
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DOI：
10.1093/infdis/153.3.397
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发表时间：
1986-03-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
NEVA, FA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
NEVA, FA
类圆线虫病是一种重要的人类寄生虫感染，主要是因为它在免疫抑制患者中可能导致严重甚至致命的疾病。粪类圆线虫的某些生物学特征，如自身感染宿主的能力，有助于解释为什么寄生虫是危险的。该寄生虫的特征也可以利用在感染的寄生虫学诊断与Baermann浓缩程序和文化。在ELISA或免疫荧光抗体试验中使用丝虫幼虫抗原现在提供了可靠的诊断血清学试验，并且在大多数患者中，抗体水平在成功治疗后一到两年内下降。速发型超敏反应是对类圆线虫感染的免疫反应的重要组成部分，并可能在疾病的发病机制以及保护中发挥作用。IgE介导的皮肤试验似乎是有用的诊断。用于其他肠道蠕虫免疫学研究的动物模型与人类类圆线虫病缺乏相关性。然而，人类疾病的特征，包括过度感染综合征，可以由S。Patasmonkey和dogs体内的粪毒素。
Strongyloidiasis is an important human parasitic infection primarily because of its potential for serious and even lethal disease in immunosuppressed patients. Certain features of the biology ofStrongyloides stercoralis, such as the ability to autoinfect the host, help explain why the parasite is dangerous. Characteristics of the parasite can also be exploited in parasitological diagnosis of infection with the Baermann concentration procedure and by culture. Use of filariform larval antigens in ELISA or immunofluorescent-antibody tests now provide reliable serological tests for diagnosis, and, in most patients, antibody levels decline one to two years after successful treatment. Immediate hypersensitivity is a prominent component of the immune response to strongyloides infection and may play a role in the pathogenesis of disease as well as in protection. An IgE-mediated skin test appears to be useful in diagnosis. Animal models used for immunologic studies of other intestinal helminths have lacked relevance to human strongyloidiasis. Features of the human disease, however, including hyperinfection syndrome, can be produced byS. stercoralisin thePatasmonkey and in dogs.