Governing nonconventional genetic experimentation.
Governing nonconventional genetic experimentation.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/jlb/lsad003
复制
发表时间：
2023-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Pearlman, Alex
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mehlman, Maxwell J.;Conlon, Ronald A.;Pearlman, Alex
一个庞大且高度异质的个体群体在传统的企业和学术环境之外进行遗传和基因组研究。它们可以成为创新的重要来源，但它们的活动在很大程度上超出了促进安全和道德做法的现有监管制度的范围。从历史上看，可用于非传统基因组研究的基因靶向技术有限，因此这些活动很少引起监管关注。然而，CRISPR/Cas9等新技术以前所未有的可访问性为非传统实验者提供了更广泛的基因编辑能力。这些强大的技术的可负担性和可获得性正在提出问题，即目前基本上自由放任的治理方法是否足够。本文建议采取措施加强自我治理，包括建立伞式组织代表社区利益，创建一个社区IRB模仿DIYBio问安全专家服务，并采取道德义务报告流氓实验。
A large and highly heterogeneous group of individuals conducts genetic and genomic research outside of traditional corporate and academic settings. They can be an important source of innovation, but their activities largely take place beyond the purview of existing regulatory systems for promoting safe and ethical practices. Historically the gene-targeting technology available for non-traditional genomic research has been limited, and therefore these activities have attracted little regulatory attention. New technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9, however, give nonconventional experimenters more extensive gene editing abilities at an unprecedented level of accessibility. The affordability and accessibility of these powerful technologies are raising questions about whether the current largely laissez-faire governance approach is adequate. This article recommends steps to enhance self-governance, including establishing umbrella organizations to represent community interests, creating a community IRB modelled on the DIYBio Ask a Safety Expert Service, and adopting an ethical obligation to report rogue experiments.